Eighty-six adults (mean age 26 years) with learning disabilities were evaluated clinically using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R). Significant relationships were identified between subjects' WAIS-R intelligence quotients and scaled scores and job success. (Author/DB)

Examined relationship of work-related stress in teachers with wanting to leave the teaching profession and drug use in 277 teachers. Teachers reported higher rates than a national sample of lifetime alcohol, amphetamine, and tranquilizer use and higher rates of alcohol use. Selected measures of stress were correlated with drug use, particularly…

Investigated relationship between burnout and casework decision making among 70 child protection service workers using simulated protection investigations. Among workers who decided there was no risk to child in case of chronic neglect, found that higher burnout scores predicted making this decision early and holding it with great and unwavering…

Investigated relationship between personality variables and job performance in 43 accountants. Results indicated that, even with effects of cognitive ability taken into account, 3 personality scales (orientation toward work, degree of ascendancy, and degree and quality of interpersonal orientation) were significantly related to important aspects…

Presents a model which demonstrates that a previous finding of a positive correlation between research productivity and breadth of interest does not hold if one considers what the data would look like if the variables were independent. (CLB)

Examined negative consequences and their influence on ethical decisions by counselors at various stages of ethical development in 60 members of the American Psychological Association and the American Association for Counseling and Development. Showed empathy to be related to higher levels of ethical orientation. (Author/ABL)

Results of a study on the effect of disability on labor force participation show that each measure of disability explains a significant amount of variation in participation. It has insignificant effects on the coefficients for other variables. (Author/JOW)

A scenario involving questionable academic behavior was rated by 2 groups of business students (n=61 and 54). The second group was asked more questions about the case. The behavior was rated unethical by 63.9% of the first group and 90.7% of the second; no gender differences appeared. Most (83%) of the second group saw a correlation between…

A study of 109 mothers with children under 5 years old investigated the relationship between several indicators of psychosocial well-being and maternal stress. Found that high levels and different measures of psychological well-being were either not related or positively related to maternal stress, which was extremely high for the overwhelming…

Nursing intervention studies are much needed. However, careful delineation of independent variables and protocols is necessary to ensure the validity of results. (SK)

Presents two viewpoints about the use and interpretability of beta weights in educational research: (1) that beta weights should be interpreted as a logical index of the importance of individual predictors within the context of the entire set of predictors; and (2) that interpretation requires certain cautions and conditions. (SV)

Tested situational factors as predictors of types of individual aggressive incidents in male prison population. Categorized incidents of violence by whether occurrence of infraction involved aggressive behavior directed at staff, another inmate, self, or property. Found that situational variables did serve as predictors of these categories of…

Investigated relationship between level of socialization for parenthood among primiparous married couples (n=454) and indicators of personal, family, and infant well-being. Results indicated when social support, life events, childhood experience, health, education, and income were held constant the level of socialization predicted personal and…

To predict suicide, explicit causal models of suicide outcome are needed in which predictors are temporally ordered and then tested statistically. Because suicide is a dichotomous, nominal scale outcome, only certain statistics for prediction are appropriate. Logistic regression, which utilizes the likelihood ratio test of statistical inference,…

Characterizations of local homogeneity and the homogeneous monotone item response theory (IRT) model are provided. The characterization theorem states that the joint condition of experimental independence and pairwise nonnegative association in every nonnegligible subpopulation is necessary and sufficient for the homogenous monotone IRT model.…