Data from a 1968 national sample of older people (N=3,996) indicated that pet ownership was more frequent in owner-occupied residences in smaller communities where other family, including children were present. No association was found between pet ownership and psychological well-being or health. (Author)

Investigated interrelationships between perceived causes of divorce in a sample of 275 males and 336 females. Seven dimensions of divorce, underlying 18 possible contributing causes, were revealed. Significant differences were found between the sexes both in frequencies with which causes were identified and in composition of the seven factors.…

Managerial financial and status success were measured so that possible confounding effects of age were removed. Demographic characteristics, values and ideologies, role characteristics, and characteristics of the unit supervised were found to be significant predictors of success among 474 managers in a large corporation. (Author/NRB)

Investigated the Luria-Nebraska Intellectual Processes Scale (IPS) as a predictor of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) IQs among alcoholic inpatients. Strong correlations were found between IPS and WAIS Verbal IQ and Full Scale IQ; however, the correlation with Performance IQ was only -.41. (NRB)

Reports the results of the 1984-1985 survey of the salaries of 5,018 college admissions officers and examines the five-year trend in salary increases in comparison with the increased cost of living. Reports the rate of job turnover in admissions and examines the change in turnover rates. (JAC)

Administered two scales for the evaluation of depression to two groups of medical inpatients: adults (N=201) and geriatric subjects (N=178). Results confirmed a high presence of depressive symptoms among patients with medical problems, particularly among geriatric subjects. Factors most predictive of depressive symptoms are identified. (JAC)

Among girls observed interacting with infants, older girls ignored more, made fewer social bids, and responded less than younger girls. However, chronological age was highly correlated with measures of social and biological maturity. Social maturity was the best predictor of trends on two interaction measures, biological maturity on the third.…

Investigated the adaptation of 143 international students in relation to individual and family variables. Results suggested successful adaptation was related to spending leisure time with Americans, adequate knowledge of English, better educated families, and religious participation. Use of student services was infrequent. (JAC)

Concludes that the strongest predictors of newspaper consolidations are the size, trends, and ratios of circulations. (FL)

Study of former and current members of controversial religious cults revealed a strong correlation between measures of family affinity and choices by cult devotees to leave or stay. Differences between leavers and stayers are shown in perceived parental attitudes toward involvement, prior familial closeness, and adolescent experiences with…

Surveyed 29 adolescent males convicted of rape and 27 other delinquent peers to examine factors precipitating rape. Anger and drug abuse were the two factors that appeared most strongly. Weapons were frequently used. (JAC)

Activity of 50 children whose motility had been monitored by an electronic activity monitor when they were neonates was again monitored by an ambulatory microcomputer when they were four to eight years old. Results are consistent with evidence from several longitudinal studies suggesting that individual activity characteristics tend to persist…

Describes coping patterns of Israeli Jewish prisoners' wives (N=143) and identifies predictors of successful coping. Results indicated successful coping was related to wives' higher level of education, an egalitarian pattern of family life before the husband's incarceration, and the length of sentence served. (JAC)

A study of the learning style preferences of preservice education majors at the University of Idaho showed differences between men and women on 8 of 16 variables, between preparing for elementary and secondary school careers on 7 variables, and between students in different subject matter majors on 10 variables. (PGD)

Examined the influence of stress on presidential longevity. Results indicated a longer life span for presidents politically affiliated with the preceeding president, and those named after their fathers, and a shorter life span for political opponents of the predecessor. Suggested identification of authority figures may counteract presidential…