Scores generated by two optimality and three complication scales used to assess perinatal risk for 103 infants were compared for accuracy in predicting a variety of neonatal and infant outcome measures. Results suggested an advantage in favor of the three complication scales. (Author/RH)

Examined cognitive personality and sociodemographic factors associated with thoughts of separation. When spouses' marital satisfaction was controlled, four groups were identified as "unhappy stable,""unhappy unstable,""happy stable," and "happy unstable." The first three groups were examined further, and the…

This study investigated the influence of personal attributes and family environment upon the exercise intentions of junior high school students. Results support the value of early socialization towards physical activity. (MT)

Uses data from a national survey to examine Black family migration. Presents data, by race, on reasons for long-distance migration and whether wives line up jobs before a move. Stated reasons for moves and migration determinants are similar by race, leading to a residual minority group status explanation. (Author/JAC)

Assessed relationships of several person, environment, and person-environment fit measures to several indicators of student (N=152) distress and strain. Results indicated that person-environment fit variables were superior to either person (ideal) or environment (real) variables alone in relation to stress and strain. (JAC)

Investigated variables related to teachers' (N=146) attitudinal preferences for consultation versus more traditional referral services. Results indicated that principal initiating structure, number of years of teaching experience, and number of years teaching at the current school each made statistically significant, although weak, contributions…

Explores the effectiveness of a resource exchange framework in predicting marital satisfaction among 224 couples. Self-administered questionnaires provided information concerning resources received from spouse, shared time, and marital quality. Multiple regression analyses suggested the resource exchange theory was effective in explaining the…

Analyzed the 1972-1980 General Social Surveys to develop models accounting for changes in patterns of marital structure over time. Results did not indicate that the young and least educated contribute disproportionately to increased family instability. Cohort membership and educational attainment must be considered. (JAC)

Investigated the relationship between patient age and preference for physician communication style in 303 adults. Results showed that, while most patients prefer a high degree of both information and affect, older patients prefer a low-information/high affect strategy. Results may indicate the presence of receiver apprehension in elderly patients.…

Reviewed published validation studies for the years 1964-1982 of the Journal of Applied Psychology and Personnel Psychology. Results indicated minimal differences across study designs in the average validity coefficient and found selection ratios, standard deviations, reliabilities, predictor and criterion intercorrelations to be rarely and…

Examined elementary school teachers' work satisfaction and job-related stress and their relation to external factors (principals', other teachers', pupils', and parents' feeling about the teacher) and internal factors (perceived general life satisfaction and self-efficacy). Found work satisfaction to be related to internal factors, stress to…

Tests the interactive effects of status of the offender and severity of a deviant act on the assessment of penalties for socially prescribed behavior in volunteers (N=24) assigning punishment. Results revealed a tendency for high-status offenders to receive more lenient treatment than their low-status counterparts. (Author/LLL)

Various aspects of absentee patterns were compared with pupils' performances on a standardized ninth grade algebra examination. Results indicated that patterns of absence, in addition to gross quantity of absence, are related to pupils' performances. Moreover, results indicate that attending students' test score performances are sensitive to…

Assessed influence of maternal age at first birth on mothers' emotionally affective behaviors to their children using three samples of families (N=33, 38, 36). Two models of age effects were considered: (1) life experiences and (2) stress from early first birth. Age at first birth was positively associated with supportive maternal behaviors and…

Examined environmental determinants of neighborhood satisfaction among urban elderly men (N=100). Safety emerged as the major determinant, but its impact on neighborhood satisfaction was lessened when considered in conjunction with housing satisfaction. Urban planners should assign priority to the development of neighborhoods which foster a sense…