Scores of 149 third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade pupils, on a reading attitude inventory correlated .17 with combined reading scores on the Metropolitan Achievement Tests. Although statistically significant, this finding suggests that the inventory did not reflect an attitudinal construct that was a major factor in reading success. (Author/BW)

Focuses on the use of personnel to supervise, instruct, or assist training in a military environment and offers a model to assess the use of instructional personnel for self-paced courses. Some implications for nonmilitary education and training are indicated. (Author/MER)

Sex role identity and self-esteem were examined in a cross sectional sample. Both men and women displayed peak masculinity scores in the middle years of adulthood. Psychologically "androgynous" individuals displayed the highest levels of self-esteem. Masculinity was a better predictor of self-esteem than was femininity. (Author)

This examination of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) covers early predictions concerning CAI, the variables that have been addressed by CAI research, guidance in identifying the effectiveness of CAI, and future directions for CAI in education. (MER)

Infants were classified as high or low in differential vocal responsiveness (DVR), and tested for degree of response to stimulation by a stranger and to stimulation by their mothers. The infants' DVR classification was related to scores on the Stanford-Binet and the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities. (Author/SS)

Secondary analyses of data gathered in a national study of United States journalists yielded information about variables that predict professional and organizational commitment. The factors selected for analysis were found to explain organizational commitment better than professional commitment. (GT)

The combination of intelligence with measures of related academic success self-concepts accounted for more achievement variance than did intelligence alone for the content areas of reading, language, and mathematics. Achievement was related to academic self-concept, but not to physical maturity, peer relations, or school adaptiveness…

Two methods of estimating the predictive validity of college admissions tests are presented. The first is a multivariate extension of a method presented by Givner and Hynes. The second allows an estimate of the predictive validity of one variable assuming that the other variable is a nationally representative sample. (Author/MLW)

Reviews published literature for its relevance to developing client selection criteria to determine if there is an empirical base for identifying client variables which predict response to group therapy. Research includes group vs individual therapy outcome, group therapy outcome, and premature termination. Tables, conclusions, and methodology are…

Factor scale scores are sometimes used as weights to create composite variables representing the variables included in a factor analysis. If these composite variables are then used to predict some dependent variable, serious theoretical and methodological problems arise. This paper explores these problems and suggests strategies for circumventing…

This study examined the relative impact of parent and peer reference groups on frequency of marijuana use in a nonrandom sample of university students. Ordinal type scales and tau-b provide a statistically strong degree of association between the type of reference group orientation and marijuana use. (Author/SJL)

Depending on the nature of the predictor variable in the expectancy table, expectancy ranges may be computed by incorporating the standard error of estimate. The process of developing ranges is illustrated, and steps to be used in evaluating the quality and utility of expectancy data are outlined. (Author)

Examined contribution of family variables such as parenting and literacy activities to the pre-academic competence of 93 Head Start children. Found that maternal educational expectations, home literacy variables, and maternal school involvement were predictive of children's competence even after accounting for the effects of maternal education,…

Studies of student performance on entrance examinations and in high school and college courses are reviewed, and the validity of entrance examinations is studied. Scores tend to underpredict grades of females relative to those of males in mathematics courses. Possible explanations and the reform of mathematics education are discussed. (SLD)

Examines the prediction of delinquency in early adulthood. Results indicate relationships between aspects of parenting and severe delinquency and arrests/convictions, but not minor delinquency. The interaction of low levels of maternal communication/problem-solving skills and negative family variables was associated with higher rates of…