Personal experiences with and critical judgments of leading artists and intellectuals of the twentieth century are recorded in Katherine Anne Porter's essays, letters and conversations which provide snapshots of her attitudes and encounters. Porter's commentaries about such contemporaries as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Saul Bellow,…

This study examined the role of women as portrayed in the mass media, focusing on the depiction of women in the traditionally passive role as compared with men in the traditionally aggressive role. The analysis of media coverage was highlighted by the examination of women and men in magazines, billboards, television, and newspapers between January…

Case studies of two colleges of very different financial status are contrasted to illustrate principles of leadership during both good economic times and difficult times. Visits and interviews at four prospering colleges and four colleges under financial stress were conducted to determine the financial state of each college and the role of…

Focusing on studies conducted since 1960, this paper reviews the literature on the role of the counselor in the community college and at other levels of postsecondary education. The first section stresses the value of research on the role of the counselor and the compelling reasons for providing a clear definition of that role. The next section…

One aspect of teacher behavior in which teachers appear as brokers of policies, changing and modifying their behavior to meet multiple expectations, is reported in this study. Nine elementary school teachers were observed at work in an attempt to relate what they did to the web of educational policy surrounding them. The purpose was to gain a…

Recent research on sex differences in career and achievement motivation have used one dimensional definitions for the constructs. To investigate sex differences in four dimensions of career motivation, one dimension of achievement motivation, and three clusters of antecedent factors for young women and men, 212 high school graduates (112 females,…

As the impact of residential living on the overall college experience is recognized, resident advisers must be human growth educators as well as facilitators of dormitory functions. This new role for resident advisers makes the task of staff selection more complex than it has been in the past. Personnel administrators must pay closer attention…

The paper, intended for a Chinese audience, examines roles and functions of the school psychologist in special education in the United States in the context of federal and state (Maryland) legislation and in correctional institutions. Some of the minimum roles of the school psychologist are to serve on the preplacement team, conduct student…

Anzia Yezierska and Agnes Smedley grew up in the United States in poverty-stricken, working-class families. Both women became famous authors and participants in social movements of the early decades of the 20th century. Yezierska's "Bread Givers" and Smedley's "Daughter of Earth", published in the 1920s, were fictionalized…

While husbands and fathers have attracted the attention of family researchers, grandfathers have received much less attention. This study was conducted to explore meanings associated with grandfatherhood, especially with regard to grandfathers' age and health. Questionnaires and interviews were conducted to examine grandfather-grandchild…

For some time, the traditional stereotype of women which described them as gentle and dependent was considered normative and the concept that women were a unitary group dominated gender-role stereotype research. In contrast, the social cognitive approach described three subcategories of women: the housewife, the professional woman, and the sex…

This paper discusses competing norms for justifying teacher decisions, their effects on productivity and legitimacy in teaching, and the teaching profession as a moral and learning community. Drawing on philosophical analyses and studies of elementary and secondary schools, teacher preparation, staff development, and the adoption of innovations,…

The history of the University of Hawaii Board of Regents (UH BOR) is reviewed and compared to other public university governing boards, and recommendations are offered to increase the board's effectiveness. Based on a review of the literature on public university governing boards, a consensus of opinions is used as a basis to evaluate the UH BOR.…

Reports exploratory research which made use of representational role orientations to analyze the community-related behavior of school administrators in New York State; interviews were conducted with 146 principals, II superintendents, and eight headquarters staff. (Author/JM)

Reviewing concepts in the world of work relevant to the health field, the paper suggests a framework for classifying occupational categories in terms of specific roles, responsibilities and achievement. (MW)