The purpose of this basic, exploratory study is to examine primary grades (K-2) teachers' perceptions of the self-efficacy of their students in mathematics, whether or not there is a difference in the self-efficacy between students based on their performance, and to gather information about how teachers are differentiating instruction. Forty…

In this study, we propose an integrated system to support learners' reviews. In the proposed system, the review dashboard is used to recommend review contents that are adaptive to the individual learner's level of understanding and to present other information that is useful for review. The pages of the digital learning materials that are…

Background: Research has highlighted that personal characteristics such as teachers' attitudes play an important role in the implementation of inclusive education. However, there are only a few studies that have shed empirical evidence on the relationship of attitudes and inclusive teaching approaches, such as differentiated instruction. In this…

Updated with new research and insights, the second edition of this foundational guide to the "how" of differentiation provides the thoughtful strategies teachers need to create and maintain classrooms where each student is recognized and respected and every student thrives. One of the most powerful lessons a teacher must learn is that…

Teachers naturally engage in the act of 'noticing' as part of their daily practice. This specialised form of noticing, referred to as 'teacher noticing', involves a deliberate focus on specific aspects within the mathematics classroom. The author's PhD research has investigated how the events teachers notice and respond to online in Emergency…

The purpose of this study was to explore the need for an individualized curriculum within special education for students living with autism spectrum disorder. Previously conducted research disclosed a need for further research to understand the differentiation of curriculum for students living with autism spectrum disorder. The research question…

Studies in the current research paradigm follow a pattern of pre-exhibit activities, in-exhibit monitoring and post-exhibit test to evaluate learning and program effectiveness in museums. These efforts helped identify some important factors correlative to learning, but little is known about how exhibits are designed in a way that space, materials…

Some adult learners are self-directed, but most benefit from ongoing guidance and support from educators--even more so in technology-rich environments. The purpose of this column is to explore ways to leverage digital tools to enhance collaborative learning experiences among adult educators and learners. Rather than aim for mastery of a digital…

The research problem for this study was that secondary English teachers are often inconsistent in their use of personalized learning during instruction. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore research questions on secondary school English teachers' perceptions of personalized learning and challenges to its consistent use as an…

Although everybody learns at their own pace, the traditional, standardized education system remains prevalent. Unfortunately, this traditional system does not meet all learner needs and results in low academic achievement as demonstrated by state and national standardized tests (Netcoh, 2017; Pennsylvania Department of Education, 2019c; Schwahn…

In 1967, The Tanglewood Symposium was convened in the United States to address the multifaceted issues in music education. The discussion in the Symposium led to the creation of the Tanglewood Declaration, which includes eight statements of implications and recommendations for the music curriculum and has been considered a critical part of the…

Professional development for teachers must evolve to provide a personalized approach to better meet the needs of the individual. Micro-credentialing is one way to provide teachers with personalized professional development. This case study explores the implementation of a micro-credentialing course in one school district. The district selected a…

Large Language Models have recently achieved high performance on many writing tasks. In a recent study, math word problems in Carnegie Learning's MATHia adaptive learning software were rewritten by human authors to improve their clarity and specificity. The randomized experiment found that emerging readers who received the rewritten word problems…

Students enter school with a vast range of individual differences, resulting from the complex interplay between genetic dispositions and unequal environmental conditions. Schools thus face the challenge of organizing instruction and providing equal opportunities for students with diverse needs. Schools have traditionally managed student…

Although instructional coaches are deeply committed to continuous improvement, they rarely have access to professional learning themselves. Rarer still is differentiated professional learning that meets coaches where they are in their careers and their professional growth. Just as Florida's Orange County Public Schools accentuates the importance…