Sembene Ousmane's film, "Xala" (meaning impotence), can be seen as a revolutionary tool. Although his works were originally inspired by the African's struggle for liberation from colonial domination, "Xala" reflects the revolutionary intellectual's protest against corrupt socialist authoritarianism. Everyday events in the lives of the characters,…

This study reports a content analysis of 1976-1977 commercial television programing for incidents of alcohol, drug, and tobacco use and sexual behavior. The analysis included one episode of each prime time and Saturday morning dramatic series, comprising 77 programs and 58 hours of television viewing. A concurrent survey among 300 fourth, sixth,…

In 1976, Jamaican government officals claimed that their island had received an especially negative press in the United States during 1975 and 1976 with serious consequences for the economy and tourist trade. This accusation was not made about Canadian coverage, with one major exception, and Canadian tourism to Jamaica increased during those years…

This study investigates the effect of word frequency on reading comprehension, in relation to type of content, vocabulary instruction method, student sex, and question type. Subjects, 120 sixth-grade readers, responded to three types of comprehension questions after reading two types of stories. Each subject had previously received one of three…

Rhetoric is capable of producing preceptions which observed reality does not reveal to us. Because of rhetoric's reifying powers (that is, its ability to make abstractions concrete), it has been depended upon to make certain societal values come to life. In opposition to Jacques Ellul, an articulate exponent of the view that finds no existential…

To investigate changes attendant upon the 1971 transfer of ownership of "The Windsor (Ontario) Star" from an independent owner to Southam Press Limited, owner of several Canadian newspapers, a content analysis was conducted of newspapers from the four-year period of independent ownership and the four-year period of Southam Press…

TCDIDC is a heuristic model for students to use when revising compositions. The model's acronym is derived from the main terms of the revising heuristic: time (the pattern of tenses and other time markers), commitment (the pattern of such predicate modes as indicative, conditional, questioning, exhortative, emphatic), directness (the pattern of…

This paper examines the evaluation of instructional materials from three viewpoints. First, an analytic system is described which has been found useful by practitioners and researchers for examining the instructional design of materials. This system can contribute to selection among competing materials and to improved use of materials in the…

This study examined the effects of heavy versus light television viewing on the degree to which children possess sex role stereotypes. Reference was made to content analyses of children's television programs, prime time dramatic programs, and commercials, to show that traditional sex role stereotypes are present in most aspects of television…

The primary purpose of this study was to examine juvenile books on the theme of war. An attempt was made to analyze the characteristics of earlier works on World War II, and to compare and contrast recent publications treating current conflicts. While emphasis was on fictional material, many true-life accounts were also included. Chapter 1…

Essential for an effective criterion-referenced testing program is a set of test items that are "valid" indicators of the objectives they have been designed to measure. Unfortunately, the complex matter of assessing item validity has received only limited attention from educational measurement specialists. One promising approach to the item…

Based on a review of relevant literature, a report was prepared which examines the impact of viewing violence on television on the social behavior of the viewer. An introduction discusses a definition of violence and proposes reasons why violence may appeal to viewers. The remainder of the text examines three major research questions: (l) the…

In order to discover whether the nonverbal responses to literature of primary grade children--in the form of drawings--provide significant information about their feelings toward literature, this study measured primary children's responses to "The Giving Tree." Ninety children in four grade levels (kindergarten through third grade)…

This second edition of "A Short History of the Movies" includes expanded information and judgments about some of the "old masters" of film; an updated discussion of the "new masters"; and new sections on Japanese, Indian, and Czech cinema. In general, this history reveals significant trends in film history. American…

This paper suggests two steps in instructional deisgn for early childhood that can be derived from a recent major paper on instructional strategy taxonomy. These steps, together with the instructional design variables involved in each step, are reviewed relative to current research in child development and early education. The variables reviewed…