Based on previous research findings and original data from school children in grades 3-6, this study examines children's perceptions of reality in television as an intervening variable between exposure to the medium and the effect of television messages. The specific focus of the current research was to isolate and identify factors which have…

A system for developing assessment-reteaching cycles referenced to instructional outcomes is projected to enhance the effectiveness of elementary school mathematics textbooks. Salient precycle and paracycle features of the system are outlined. Procedures and activities to set the stage for instructional cycling are described, such as: translating…

To enhance knowledge of television content, a prosocial code was developed by watching a large number of potentially prosocial television programs and making notes on all the positive acts. The behaviors were classified into a workable number of categories. The prosocial code is largely verbal and contains seven categories which fall into two…

The proposed project, mentioned in Vladimir Petric's articles "From Written Film History to Visual Film History," is a book intended as a teaching vehicle for college and university film courses and involving shot-by-shot analysis and evaluation of films as primary study material. Cinematic values are emphasized both because cinematic visual…

Photographs appearing in October 1-5, 1973, final editions of 16 major daily newspapers published in Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, and Washington D.C. were analyzed for total number of pictures published, content category (breaking news, feature, or sports), placement (front page or inside), source (staff, Associated…

Six opinion magazines ("Christian Century,""Commonweal,""Christianity Today,""Nation,""National Review," and "New Republic") were analyzed for their treatment of legally recognized conscientious objectors during the Vietnam War era, 1964-72. The purpose of the study was to find how these…

This handbook is designed to help students develop a better understanding and appreciation of the newspaper, its uses by the general public, and its role in the democratic system. Contents include: "The History of Newspapers"; "Why Should You Read a Newspaper?"; "What Do You Read in a Newspaper?"; "How Well Do You Read?" which stresses reading…

CIRF Publications, Vol. 12, No. 5 is a collection of 80 abstracts giving particular attention to education, training, and economic growth in developing countries, Iran, Japan, Kenya, the Solomon Islands, and Sri Lanka; vocational rehabilitation in Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the U. S. A.; agriculture in Chad, developing countries, and…

Designed for the high school yearbook staff, this guide contains suggestions and ideas for planning and producing a high school yearbook representative of the entire school. Contents include "Purpose of Yearbook,""Background,""Parts of the Yearbook,""Divisions,""Theme,""Ladder Preparation,""Content with Divisions" (which covers Academics, Faculty,…

Task analysis is a procedure having the purpose of identifying different kinds of performances which are outcomes of learning, in order to make possible the specification of optimal instructional conditions for each kind of outcome. Task analysis may be related to content analysis in two different ways: (1) it may be used to identify the probably…

Criticism of the role of the media in the dissemination of drug abuse information demonstrates a need for investigating the message characteristics of televised public service announcements criticizing the use of drugs. An analysis of anti-drug commercials telecast in Connecticut in December 1971 indicates that drug abuse messages are primarily…

Government regulations state that broadcasters are obligated to allot program time to matters of public interest, but neither law nor precedent have determined their commitment to present messages on social problems. To determine the amount of public service advertising (PSA) that is broadcast, particularly anti-drug appeals, a content analysis…

The reliability of coding problems associated with observation studies is discussed. The purpose is two-fold: a) to examine coding reliability by applying the profile method to two coding occasions separated by a lengthy time interval with the object of determining both within-occasion reliability (agreement) and between-occasion reliability…

Eighty-eight secondary school biology textbooks published between 1900 and 1968 were examined to determine the extent that forty-four topics related to the concept of evolution were emphasized. Prior to 1960 there was a cursory, non-controversial treatment, with a gradual increasing emphasis up to 1950. In the 1950's this trend reversed slightly.…

This book, designed for the film maker, critic, and serious filmgoer, explores elements of filmic expression from the creative and perceptual points of view. Chapters (1) trace the linguistic and mechanical development of film, (2) discuss the contributions of image and sound to film content, (3) suggest the contributions of editing and montage,…