The paper examines the social structure of Canada's agricultural production. It argues that "the official development strategy is typical of state involvement in maturing capitalist economies and that, in so far as these policies are successful, they bring to an end small scale production of primary products by absorbing rural people into an…

Response to change in educational institutions requires information about influential factors. The conceptual framework which guided this study views the process of change in three basic phases. First, there is an antecedent phase which necessitates the coming together of an advocate with an innovation designed for some set of consumers. Once…

The "Marshmallow Principle" introduced in this paper is stated as follows: "External pressure exerted on an organization to change its basic structure will, for as long as that pressure is applied, cause the organization's structure to bend and assume a new shape. Once the pressure is removed, the organization will reassume its original shape.…

There are several commonly accepted college and university governance concepts and management styles: (1) the assumption that organizational goals can be precisely defined and that institutional processes are widely understood; (2) the collective bargaining concept, which assumes that there are fundamentally conflicting interests within the…

School districts were identified that were involved in implementation of recent National Science Foundation (NSF) elementary school science curricula and in corresponding in-service work. Questionnaires sent to 6 school districts, selected somewhat randomly from across the 50 states and the District of Columbia, compiled information regarding…

This document examines the policy issue of balance between the National Institute of Education's (NIE) role in directing research and development projects and that of field-initiated efforts in the educational R/D & I field. The issue is approached from a systems analysis view: NIE's mission (grouped into research, development,…

This manual describes the Turtle Technique which was developed to help children with behavior problems control their own disruptive behavior. The technique differs from other behavior modification techniques in that it is based upon self-control rather than external control of disruptive behavior. The Turtle Technique first teaches the child how…

This report summarizes the African Regional Seminar for Advanced Training in Systematic Curriculum Development and Evaluation that was held at Achimota, Ghana, July 14-August 15 1975. Attending the seminar were 67 participants from 12 African countries, including Cameroon, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Swaziland,…

This study is a survey and analysis of literature related to the current future movement and its implications for educational practice. The results of this study indicate that even though futurists are varied in their ideas and approaches, there is general agreement among those surveyed on the following: (1) there is a noticeable stance among…

Little reliable evidence exists, but observers agree that much student-perpetrated violence and disruption is caused by school policy, school procedures, and various types of habitual behavior that distinguish different schools. Focusing remedial efforts on those attributes of schools that precipitate deviant or delinquent behavior is both more…

Ten case studies taken from the business world are presented to help secondary school students develop a realistic understanding of economic problems. Discussion of the cases can be integrated into economics or social studies programs. By studying concrete examples of business reacting to changing economic conditions, students should learn to…

The relationships between state government funding methods and instructional innovation in public higher education are explored in this study. It is argued that stimulating instructional innovation is socially and educationally productive and that fiscal and budgetary strategies available to state-level decision-makers may be used to stimulate…

By encouraging students to stake out, control, and personalize a piece of physical space within the framework of a small family-like living unit, residence hall staff can facilitate the structuring of environments that enhance the natural development of students, while at the same time sustaining operations with minimal costs. (Author)

Analyzes the impact of radically democratised school boards upon the traditional role conceptions of headteachers in one large urban educational district in England. The study was based on interviews with headteachers, administrators, teachers, parents, students, auxiliary staff, and the general public. (Author/AV)

The purpose of this consultation project was assisting faculty to become better able to adapt their instructions to developmental and learning characteristics of their students. The article describes three psychological theories, three operational structures, and three sources of gain that were key to the project. (Author/JEL)