A study was undertaken to explore how elementary school children employ help seeking as a means of problem solving in the classroom. High-, average-, and low-ability students at the first-, third-, and fifth-grade levels were targeted for in-depth observation. A "focal-child" observational procedure was used to gather data on naturally…

An association between disturbed interpersonal relations and poor adjustment has often been found among college students. In particular, students' roommates have a substantial effect on their university experiences. To test the effectiveness of preventive intervention in improving roommate relationships, 79 college students participated in a…

This study assessed the extent to which the emergence and maintenance of peer group-status and behavior reflect the operation of group processes and individual processes. Of specific concern was whether support could be found for empirical relations derived from the self-perpetuation hypothesis. The study, which concerned the constructs of…

This 10th chapter in "Elementary School Counseling in a Changing World" describes ways that counselors can build positive relationships among children and between children and adults. It asserts that elementary school counselors play a major part in developing and maintaining a healthy social climate for children. Four journal articles are…

The guide presents techniques for counseling gifted and talented students. A section on counseling for career problems addresses: (1) multipotentiality as a possible problem in making career decisions; (2) poor career choices; and (3) inadequate course preparation. The Guidance Laboratory approach to counseling for prevention of career-related…

This study attempted to systematically explore the range of variation in social response in 17 subjects (ages 5 to 15) with infantile autism. To collect observational data on social initiations, social responses, social monitoring with eye contact, and responses to specific types of social events, subjects were observed during free play in their…

The effect of collegiate experiences on students' reported personal development during the first two years of college were studied after controlling for individual, prematriculation differences. LISREL (LInear Structural RELationships) Analysis was employed to fit Tinto's theoretical framework to the variables and processes potentially involved in…

Study findings showed that living with a new family in a foreign country has a major and direct impact on the quality of young people's relationships with parents, siblings, and friends. A sample of 300 recently returned AFS students were surveyed; 173 students completed questionnaires. The returned students assessed their communication with their…

A survey of 196 elementary and secondary education teachers attending graduate programs in the University of Central Florida's College of Education provided data supporting previous research on teacher isolation. Over 80 percent of the teachers felt their classrooms were private worlds entered only by themselves and their students. The teachers…

The effects of uninstructed and teacher instructed cooperative group learning on the interactive behaviors of 32 nonhandicapped and 16 handicapped (moderately mentally retarded) elementary students and also on the attitudes of nonhandicapped students toward handicapped persons were investigated. In the teacher instructed condition, the teacher…

This study compared the academic achievement and other outcomes of three public fundamental elementary schools with three regular elementary schools in a metropolitan school district. Modeled after the John Marshal Fundamental School in Pasadena, California, which opened in the fall of 1973, fundamental schools differ from regular schools in that…

Two projects at the Kansas Early Childhood Institute investigated characteristics of social interaction by handicapped, at risk, and nonhandicapped children. The first project examined patterns of social interaction and play behavior among preschool children in an integrated classroom. A longitudinal observation of four mild to moderately retarded…

One of the significant aspects of the experimental, problem-based teacher education program described in this report is the selection of students who have completed a bachelors degree with a major in an appropriate teaching field, have had three or more years of work experience in addition to their college degree, and who exhibit an acceptable…

Empathy among 61 elementary school students in the 4th grade was investigated, with particular attention to the relationship between empathy and the variables of self-concept, social competence, popularity, number of reciprocal friends, friendliness, and four dimensions of friendship expectations--mutual activities, conventional morality, loyalty…

To determine the effects of peer tutoring on tutors and tutees in middle school English classes, a study was conducted using pretest and posttest data of 120 students in a Mississippi middle school gathered from the following: (1) the California Achievement Test, 1977 Edition, Forms C and D; (2) teacher-assigned grades in English classes; (3)…