Found alcohol expectancies that discriminated between problem- and non-problem-drinking college students (n=1,148). Expectancy profile that distinguished female problem drinkers from female nonproblem drinkers was relatively distinct from profile that separated these types of drinkers among men. Alcohol expectancy with strongest discriminating…

Notes that parents and family play important role in how adolescents' drinking behavior develops. Presents two case examples, one of problem drinker and one of sensible drinker. Discusses differences in socialization and structure between these families. Contends that optimal family influences are important factors in protecting against…

Evaluated effectiveness of the Alcohol Information School, a seven-hour classroom experience required for university students (n=31) who were involved in conduct violations while using alcohol. Results showed significant increases in knowledge and suggests long-term effects of decreased use and decreased incidence of problems associated with…

Examined relationship between alcohol expectancies and drinking behavior among Irish- (n=15), Italian- (n=15), and Hispanic- (n=15) American female college students. Found that, although relationship existed between drinking outcome expectancies and ethnic drinking behavior, its degree and precise nature varied by group. Different expectancy…

To investigate impact of counselor style, offered 2-session motivational checkup to 42 problem drinkers randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: immediate checkup with directive-confrontational counseling, immediate checkup with client-centered counseling, or waiting-list control. Clients receiving immediate checkup showed significant reduction in…

Provides an overview of alcohol use and abuse on the college campus. Discusses theory behind alcohol abuse prevention contracts. Presents an example of how to use contracts to address alcohol abuse in a commuter university Greek system. Concludes solving the problems associated with college students' drinking is now more critical than ever.…

Based on a self-report survey conducted on a large American Indian reservation, an estimated $8.3 million is spent annually on drugs and alcohol by reservation adolescents nationwide. This includes an estimated $2.8 million for alcohol and $4.5 million for marijuana. Contains 15 references. (SV)

A random review of medical and mental health charts at Indian Health Service (IHS) units serving New Mexico and southern Colorado revealed that 21 percent of individuals using IHS services during a 10-year period came at least once for alcohol or mental health problems. Contains 37 references. (SV)

Conducted multiphase qualitative study of college students' (n=807) perspectives on being a designated driver. Findings revealed a multifaceted role for designated drivers that entailed caretaking, safe driving, and adherence to alcohol consumption constraints, but not necessarily abstinence. Findings have implications for student development…

Interviewed 71 parents in predominantly Central American neighborhood to determine their attitudes toward alcohol use by their children. Parents overwhelmingly considered their own drinking behavior to influence their children's drinking behavior but generally would not permit their children to drink. Parents said they would do little if they…

Examined effects of training of day caregivers in drug and alcohol abuse prevention skills. Found significant improvement in participant learning and skill application over mere provision of training materials without accompanying training sessions. Act of attending sessions appeared to increase participant feelings of responsibility for…

Examined attributions that college students (n=96) made about individual who committed suicide. Gender of victim and alcohol involvement were systematically varied. Women appeared to place more emphasis on contextual clues such as alcohol use and gender. Both women and men tended to associate alcohol use and suicide for male actors but not for…

Examines issues of alcohol abuse and depression among teenagers, noting co-occurrence of these two problems and the special challenge co-occurrence poses for clinicians who must treat both problems aggressively. Looks at prevention of alcohol use and abuse among adolescents, considers assessment issues, and distinguishes between primary and…

Used qualitative methods to discover role of fraternity culture and pledgeship experiences in shaping alcohol use of new members. Used culture audits at fraternities at two different institutions. Concluded that regulating alcohol use is a key element in complicated system of rewards and sanctions administered by active members designed to…

Uses a cohort of unmarried young adults who were sampled when they were 18, 21, or 24 years old and resampled seven years later. Results indicate no differences between cohabitators and married couples in levels of depression. Cohabitating men report more alcohol problems than married and single men; cohabitating women reported more alcohol…