The essay test has the potential to remedy the discrepancy between announced course objectives and the objective test items that supposedly measure attainment of those objectives, according to the authors. Guidelines are provided for developing and administering essay tests. (Author/PGD)

Discusses problems encountered by new superintendents in small schools and provides insights on how to deal with them. (AH)

Reports on a study to identify competencies needed by secretaries and supervisory personnel for word processing (WP). Presents guidelines for a WP curriculum for two-year institutions that were developed from the data collected. (SK)

A guide is presented for faculty members and administrators about circumstances in which faculty may speak freely on issues and what procedural safeguards are applicable when disciplinary actions are contemplated. Issues of contracts, interests conflicting with the state's, tests for violation of First Amendment rights, defenses, and remedies are…

Suggests geriatric foster care is among the least restrictive alternatives to institutional placement. Outlines the basic prototype principles, including broadly defined client population, maximum accessibility in referral sources, flexible use of existing local services, and uniform statewide quality guidelines. Discusses indicators of success…

Discusses needs assessment as a problem-focusing strategy and examines several definitions of need. Considers five purposes for assessing needs, and presents six guiding principles for the work of a needs assessment team. (RC)

Sport psychology has become increasingly important in the development of athletic programs intended to promote healthy physical and psychological development of young participants. In an effort to develop appropriate methods of training coaches to meet the children's needs more fully, behavioral guidelines and assessments are devised and…

Presents a systematic and disciplined approach to planning for the development and implementation of an information system which will collect, store, maintain, and report human resources data. Discusses guidelines, priorities, training requirements, security, auditing, interface with payroll, and personnel reporting. (CT)

Lists questions that must be answered when deciding whether to close a school, when planning a closure, and when making sure the closure is successful. (JM)

This description of the implementation of online search services in a small college library focuses on the low-cost, time-conscious methods adopted for searching, publicity, the policy for determining search fees, and evaluation. Sample materials provided include a poster, online statistics, a questionnaire, and a printout. (RBF)

Describes a junior high music program in Ridgewood, New Jersey, which capitalizes on student interest in popular music through courses in rock music history, pop music choral concerts, and facilities offering modern music production and performance equipment. This article is part of a theme issue on popular music. (SJL)

Contains six articles focusing on current developments in multimodal counseling. Topics addressed include multimodal methods of interviewing children, helping children with anger, and enhancing self-concept. Describes utilizing helping books with children, and the multimodal effect of physical exercise. (RC)

Describes a class of paradoxical interventions the author calls "parental reversals" which involve inducing parents to reverse either their injunctions or their position regarding a problem with a child. Presents three types of paradoxical interventions, a taxonomy, and guidelines for their selection and implementation. (Author/JAC)

Examines the problem of divorce-related child custody. Discusses the lack of clear and uniform custody guidelines for custodial selection. Describes an experimental study of interdisciplinary practice trends among judges and mental health professionals. Selective differences were evidenced in the criteria each used and satisfaction with these…

Discusses the purposes of resume books including public relations, on-campus recruiting, direct contact, and career counseling. Raises issues concerning the use of resume books, including the possible negative uses. Notes some guidelines for developing and using resume books. (RC)