California has long been a global leader in higher education, innovation, and workforce development. The economy is the fifth-largest in the world. But, without a more educated workforce, its global economic standing will decline. As California's economy becomes both increasingly reliant on a better educated workforce and further connected to a…

This dissertation explores the history of the Truman Commission, the United States' first national commission on higher education policy, and the origins of its case for federal aid to support universal college access. Historians and higher education scholars cite the Truman Commission's report, "Higher Education for American Democracy,"…

Pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated § 49-7-210, the Tennessee Higher Education Commission (THEC) shall produce each year a Fact Book to address the topics of access, efficiency, productivity, and quality in public higher education. This year's "Tennessee Higher Education Fact Book" consists of four sections and an appendix of additional…

The aim of the current study is to assess school leaders' perceptions and practices in the context of a new policy that emphasizes teacher evaluation. The study draws from survey data of 606 K-12 school leaders in the USA in a state implementing a new teacher evaluation model under Race to the Top. Findings illustrate that school leaders spent…

Any organization--a small business or start-up, a large established company, a nonprofit, and every level of government--depends on leadership to achieve more than the sum of its parts. The same is true for schools, where a single principal shapes the practice of dozens of teachers and the learning of hundreds--sometimes thousands--of students.…

Many of the positive changes seen in education reform over the past few decades--from replication of high-quality charter schools to expansion of teacher residency programs--have been made possible, at least in part, through partnerships with AmeriCorps and other national service programs. Under the Trump administration's current proposal to cut…

The following myths on federal funding for education are debunked in this report: (1) The U.S. education system is flush with cash but leaves students deprived of knowledge; (2) Federal education funding has grown out of control; (3) Money doesn't matter in education; (4) The U.S. spends more than other countries on education; (5) A lot can be…

In 2014, New Jersey was one of the 18 states awarded a federal grant aimed to enhance state preschool programs, improve quality and serve more eligible children in high-quality settings. This "Preschool Development Grant" (PDG) promised to provide the state with $17.5 million per year for four years, beginning on January 1, 2015 through…

In 2014, New Jersey was one of 18 states awarded a federal grant aimed to enhance state preschool programs, improve quality and serve more eligible children in high-quality settings. This "Preschool Development Grant" (PDG) promised to provide the state with $17.5 million per year for four years, beginning on January 1, 2015 through…

The School Improvement Grants (SIG) program received over $3 billion through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Through grants to states, SIG focused on turning around the nation's persistently lowest-achieving schools using one of four school intervention models, with the aim of substantially improving student achievement. The…

Computer-based testing is an expanding use of technology offering advantages to teachers and students. We studied Calculus II classes for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics majors using different testing modes. Three sections with 324 students employed: paper-and-pencil testing, computer-based testing, and both. Computer tests gave…

Despite having been the largest source of financial aid to low-income college students in the United States, the traditional Pell Grant had one major limitation: If students enrolled in two semesters full-time, they would not have had any tuition support for the summer term of the same academic year. The year-round Pell (YRP) was implemented in…

In response to the rapidly evolving COVID-19 pandemic, Congress and the Administration have taken several actions to support the continued education of elementary, secondary, and higher education students and to protect student loan borrowers and educational institutions from related economic hardship. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic…

Over half of jobs in the U.S. require training beyond high school but not a four-year degree. These skilled jobs are the backbone of America's economy, and filling them is critical to America's success in the 21st century. Every day, in communities coast to coast, working people, students, and families are looking for opportunities to get ahead.…

In 2014, the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) granted funds to establish Early Head Start-Child Care Partnerships (EHS-CCPs) to expand access to high-quality child care. Through these partnerships, EHS grantees partnered with center-based and family child care providers to implement EHS Program Performance Standards and provide…