In the globalized world economy three types of jobs are emerging: routine production, in-person service, and symbolic analysis. In Australia, routine production is still the largest category, females outnumber males in service, and only one in five are symbolic analysts, predominantly male. Vocational education and training must change focus and…

Using self-reported sex discrimination data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women, a study found that working women who report discrimination are more likely to change employers or interrupt their labor force participation. However, women who report discrimination do not accrue less experience or have lower wage growth. (SK)

Trends indicate that students in Africa will most likely find successful employment in the field of agriculture rather than industry. Examines major overhauls in curricula needed to instill in schoolchildren a respect for farming and give them the agricultural skills critical for success. (LZ)

The 1985 Current Population Survey found about 10 percent of nonmetro married couples (about 1.4 million) had at least 1 spouse who moonlighted (working more than 1 job). Moonlighting was associated with having children, higher income, farm affiliation, and enabling work schedules. Employment opportunities and economic needs differed by…

Surveys of 900 manufacturers in Hungary and Bulgaria show that transition to a market economy is (1) marginalizing women, affected by segregation, layoff risk, and discrimination; (2) diminishing labor market role of older workers; and (3) increasing difficulties faced by youth seeking employment, whose skills do not match new employment needs.…

Uses statistical data from Youth Development Study to examine gender differences in work histories of adolescents. Following findings are discussed: females enter workforce earlier than males; females progress from informal work settings to more formal settings, whereas reverse is often true for males; and males tend to increase intensity of…

Assessed perceptions of officials (n=51) of state departments of education regarding school counseling. Determined there had been an increase in the number of school counseling positions with 27 percent indicating that insufficient numbers of certified counselors existed to fill positions. Most states reported policies allowing employment before…

Improved articulation between secondary and postsecondary vocational education and individualized approaches to training will increase the likelihood that minority youth will participate in and benefit from vocational education. (SK)

Involuntary part-time workers (those who would prefer full-time jobs) account for most of the growth in part-time work since 1970. This increase appears to stem from employer demand for a low-wage, low-skill, flexible work force. (SK)

A longitudinal study collected data from 151 female and 130 male art students in 1963 and from 109 of females and 99 of males 18 years later. Males experienced generally continuous careers. Female career continuity was apparently not associated with individual qualities but with such situational and lifestyle factors as mother's career, young…

A study of female-male employment and earnings patterns in the Australian manufacturing sector (1911-36) and specifically the clothing and textile sector found that females were heavily discriminated against in areas dominated by males (such as leather goods). (JOW)

In contrast to other East Asian countries, in Papua New Guinea the economy is stagnating due to high labor costs, overvalued currency, stagnant productivity, high government consumption, and barriers to external and internal investment and exports. (SK)

A novel definition of a high technology industry--one with a significant concentration of research and development employment--yields interesting statistics on employment, pay, and projected growth in this vital component of U.S. industry. (Author/JOW)

Analysis of employment change data for 3,101 counties during recent national recession and recovery periods found that factors derived from human ecological theory (density, infrastructure age, unionization, labor force education, and crime rate) best predicted local competitive dynamics across all business-cycle phases. Contains 60 references.…

Panel analyses of 1970 and 1980 census data from the 124 largest metropolitan areas support the "deindustrialization thesis" in that service sector growth is economically detrimental to both sexes. However, men's earnings deteriorate at a faster rate than women's earnings, reducing the gender earnings gap. Contains 60 references.…