The way that mothers' input assists children with the use of their linguistic resources for negotiating peer interaction was studied. Two two-year-old girls and their mothers were videotaped once a month for eight months while the foursome met at a weekly playgroup. The mothers' language was analyzed in terms of the following questions: (1) Does…

Descriptive data on a wide range of family day care homes and on children's experiences within those homes were obtained in this study. Additionally investigated were the effects on caregiver and child behavior of six central family day care issues: (1) home regulatory status, (2) number and age mix of children, (3) regional differences, (4)…

This study investigated the child rearing environments in 8 community based day care centers and 16 family day care homes and the social competencies of the toddlers enrolled in them. Subjects were forty 19-month-old toddlers from similar backgrounds, half in each type of day care. Socially directed behaviors between the toddler and peers, and…

This paper examines the selection and influence of friends in schools which differ in the degree of "openness" in the instructional program. Data collected from over 4,000 students in grades 5, 6, 8, and 11 in 1973 and 1974 provide information on student characteristics, school structure and processes, and academic and affective outcomes for…

After reviewing the importance of understanding tracking in terms of academic achievement and educational inequality, this paper describes a study that explored the day to day educational experiences of students in tracked classes and in heterogeneously grouped classes. The investigation focused on curricular content, instructional practices, and…

TWENTY-FOUR EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED CHILDREN BETWEEN THE AGES OF 7 AND 16 WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS, ONE IN WHICH PARENTING AND THERAPY WERE DONE BY THE SAME WORKER AND ONE IN WHICH THE TWO FUNCTIONS WERE ASSIGNED TO SEPARATE WORKERS ON THE HYPOTHESIS THAT CHILDREN IN THE SPLIT-CASE GROUP WOULD SHOW MORE IMPROVEMENT AT THE END OF 2 YEARS THAN…

THE FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS, PEER RELATIONS, PERSONAL VALUES, AND ATTITUDES WHICH DISTINGUISH BETTER FROM POORER READERS, AND TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO IMPROVEMENT OR DECLINE IN READING ABILITY BETWEEN THIRD AND SIXTH GRADE TESTING POINTS, WERE INVESTIGATED. INTERVIEWS WERE CONDUCTED WITH 705 6TH, 8TH, 10TH AND 12TH GRADE STUDENTS WHO WERE…

The relationships among tutor and pupil characteristics, tutorial processes, and learning outcomes in a peer tutorial program of spelling with sixth grade children were explored. Prior to tutoring, tutors and their pupils were tested for peer group status and liking of the tutorial partner. After twenty sessions of tutoring were completed,…

To be successful, inservice programs need to utilize cooperative learning activities and create collaborative support groups to assist implementation efforts after the inservice program has ended. Placing teachers in small, cooperative groups to discuss the material being presented in the inservice program provide the structure and mechanisms for…

This guide for parents discusses social competence in 2-year-old children, drawing upon anecdotal data to provide a sampling of 2-year-old children's social behavior and their parents' child rearing techniques. The data were collected from questionnaires, telephone interviews, and home visits in a 12-month study of the interactions of 86…

FOR STUDENTS FROM FAMILIES CHARACTERIZED BY CHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENT, UNDEREMPLOYMENT, AND SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION, THE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IS VIRTUALLY THE ONLY AVENUE OF UPWARD MOBILITY. AT PRESENT, THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM IS NOT GIVING THESE STUDENTS ACADEMIC SKILLS IN EARLY GR ADES NECESSARY FOR THEIR LATER SUCCESS MANY COMPENSATORY…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between exploratory children and cautious children as they functioned in open classrooms over a period of time and to document some general aspects of child behavior in open educational settings. Sixty children were observed through the course of the school year in their first grade open…

Two studies explored the effects of peer teaching on the attitudes and behavior of tutors and tutees. In the first study, fourth graders tutored third graders in reading once a day for two weeks. Another group befriended a third grader over the same period of time, supervising play activities. A control group participated in neither special…

Recent research indicates that much of the educational advantaged gained by children in intervention programs is lost once the programs end. Researchers have speculated that the cause of this phenomena may be a lack of continuity between the child's early education experiences and his subsequent experiences in school. Based on a review of recent…

This study was designed to provide information about the outcomes of transracial adoptions in response to a growing trend among adoption agencies to place children across racial lines. The study focused on 125 adopted black children and their white adoptive families. The children ranged in age from 5 to 19 years (median of age=8.8 years) and had…