This publication contains 12 papers presented at the 28th annual meeting of the Far Western Philosophy of Education Society. A wide variety of topics is discussed. For example, one paper titled "Democracy, Models, and a Paradigm for Internship," discusses the functions of educational administration. The theme of manipulation is examined in a paper…

This paper suggests ways in which counselors can take greater control of their accountability plans and make evaluations serve both the counselor and the school more constructively. Recommended competencies for specific types of guidance programs are described in detail. Three types of evaluation data are discussed for use in accountability…

Causes contributing to academic program audit and review becoming a means of resource reallocation in higher education are considered, along with principles relevant to its management, and major issues surrounding its development and implementation. The current interest in the audit and review of established academic programs is linked to…

Perspectives concerning data collection in postsecondary education management and planning are considered. It is suggested that one of the dangers in data collection operations is collecting data without knowing why. It is argued that unless one knows in advance what is being measured and the purposes of measurement, data should not be collected.…

State-level concerns for postsecondary education are discussed as part of an inservice education conference. Attention is directed to the purposes of a performance approach, distinctions between performance measures and other kinds of measures used for assessment in higher education, concerns about reaching consensus on performance criteria within…

The human service functions of community colleges are extremely diverse, and few are common to all institutions; however, community colleges share certain characteristics which distinguish them from other organizations providing human services. Among these is the degree to which colleges must interact with and be influenced by the laws and…

This paper describes Missouri's minimum competency testing program. The administration, funding, organization, goals and evaluation procedures of the testing program, which evaluates all eighth graders in the State, are outlined. Also discussed are the relationship between the State board of education and the local districts and how State policy…

This article discusses the fairness and legality of competency testing programs for the handicapped. The following concerns are addressed: (1) exemptions for handicapped students; (2) individual determinations; (3) differential diplomas and standards; and (4) differential assessment procedures. A discussion of the legal implications indicates…

Some uses of achievement tests to provide information for school administrators are described. Three systematic programs are described briefly: (1) a computer-based approach to management and planning designed to answer what is to be learned, how is it to be learned, and has it been learned; (2) a problem solving design for accountability that…

The process of implementing Goal Attainment Scaling at the Reno Veterans' Administration Center Mental Health Service, where it had never been employed and where most of the staff had never heard of the technique, is described. The difficulties of introducing a unique measurement instrument such as Goal Attainment Scaling into an existing system…

This paper presents a discussion of the value of compensatory education for preschool children from poor and uneducated families, focusing on knowledge gained from 12 years of experience with compensatory programs in the United States. The development of Project Head Start is described, and the role of behavioral science research in the…

Although a review of the literature on competency-based teacher education (CBTE) reveals little or no reference to microteaching's contribution, microteaching was a precursor of CBTE and had a direct influence in its acceptance and development. A review of CBTE's essential characteristics and a comparison with microteaching shows that…

Justifications for academic program review include a need for external accountability, administrative decision-making, and a definition of purpose. An overall coordinating group that will monitor the review, set policy, and bring together all of the diverse operations is needed. Guidelines and standards for the review procedure need to be…

An outcomes orientation is examined as the dominant focus for formulating improvements in a college's planning, management, and evaluation (PME) system. Outcomes are seen as individual (produced by college personnel or students), program related, or institutional. An outcomes orientation to PME has the advantages of relating to the quality of…

Coordination of roles of academic departments, evaluation units, and institutional planning units is advocated as an effective approach to evaluating educational program and student performance outcomes. A model to effect this coordination is described in terms of purposes, characteristics, and structure. In the process model, four guideposts,…