Explores the relationship between alcohol-induced blackouts and alcohol expectancies in 123 college students. Found significant correlations between students' alcohol expectancies, level of alcohol abuse, and blackout history. Students who experienced blackouts had higher positive alcohol expectancies than those without blackouts. Other findings…

Study tested the hypothesis that the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship mediates the association between difficult temperament and alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms. Results suggest that alcohol abuse prevention and treatment programs should consider the role of basic temperamental characteristics in pathological drinking, and the…

Study examines differences in adolescents' use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs by racial and ethnic groups. Results show significant differences by racial and ethnic groups, and indicate that these differences have changed over time. Future research should examine these differences and seek to identify the sources and consequences of the…

Reviews recent court decisions revealing that, despite factual and jurisdictional differences, fraternities and institutions of higher education face increasing exposure to civil liability for accidental injuries, especially when alcohol is served to minors or intoxicated persons. (Author)

Reviews studies on use and abuse of alcohol and illegal drugs among mentally retarded persons. Notes that, although some mentally retarded people experience alcohol and drug problems, prevalence rates appear relatively low. Asserts that reasons for this are speculative and that little is known about treatments likely to benefit mentally retarded…

Used locus of control assessments to monitor specific aspect of adolescent chemical dependency treatment program. Used song lyric analysis activities to note short-term modifications in experimental group's (N=10) perceived locus of control. No improvements were noted in matched control group's locus of control. Findings suggest that addictions…

Notes extent and nature of problem drinking among older adults and role of mental health counselors. Asserts that nature of alcohol abuse by older persons and variety of problematic drinking behaviors suggest that range of counseling goals may be appropriate. Stresses that a broader range of treatment strategies is needed than has characterized…

Discusses the epidemic of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) affecting Native American communities, the lifetime costs associated with an FAS birth, behavioral aberrations of FAS children that affect classroom performance, and federal and state legislation and funding aimed at FAS prevention through treatment of pregnant alcoholics. (SV)

Examines frequency of drunkenness, alcohol problems, and attitudes toward drinking by Mexican Americans in Texas and California. Survey results indicate California's Mexican Americans report more problems and more acceptance of drinking than in Texas. Results confirm previously reported patterns and differences in regional and state alcohol…

Assessed rehabilitation needs of 104 outpatient alcohol abuse clients labeled social drinkers, incipient problem drinkers, or problem drinkers. Used Human Service Scale to assess physiological, emotional, economic security, family, social, economic self-esteem, and vocational self-actualization need satisfaction. Found with exception of emotional…

Tested whether low levels of family differentiation and identity are associated with increased alcohol abuse. Administered questionnaire to college students (N=133) aged 17-24 years. Found females with less well-differentiated, reciprocal mother-daughter relationships and poorer sense of identity had more drinking problems, while results for males…

Studied dual participants (N=2,525), multiple offender drinking driver program participants who also attend non-drinking driver alcohol treatment programs. Findings support need for drinking driver programs to be aware of high risk dual participants and for alcohol-related treatment programs to provide drinking and driving education to all dual…

Investigated relationship between background characteristics of fraternity pledges (N=108) and alcohol consumption during first month of pledgeship. Found heavier alcohol consumption strongly correlated with positive view of its socialization value and with prior incidences of problems associated with alcohol use. Found lesser relationship between…

Examined relationship between student residence (on-campus university housing, on-campus fraternity/sorority housing, off-campus nonuniversity housing) and alcohol use by investigating how drinking patterns and irresponsible acts related to drinking vary with gender and with housing arrangement. Results from 1,097 college students revealed that…

This paper explores incidence rates of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and describes physical and cognitive impairments exhibited by FAS children. It examines program strategies for prevention of FAS in the United States and reviews research undertaken at the Edinburgh University Medical School, Scotland, concerning alcohol effects on the ovum before…