Encourages parents to have more respect for children's play and to spend more time observing their child's play because observation is an effective form of reinforcement. (ED)

A discussion of the development of simple observational instruments for assessing the quality of cognitive and prosocial elements of diverse preschool programs. (EH)

Introduction: This paper discusses the role uncertainty plays in judgments of the meaning and significance of ideas and texts encountered by scholars in the context of their ongoing research activities. Method: Two experienced scholars were observed as part of a two-year ethnographic study of their ongoing research practices. Layered…

Genealogy and family history are examples of everyday life information seeking and provide a unique example of intensive and extensive use of libraries and archives over time. In spite of the ongoing nature of this activity, genealogists and family historians have rarely been the subject of study in the information seeking literature and therefore…

Intended for allied health professionals, this guide provides information on seizure recognition and classification to help them assist the patient, the family, and the treating physician in obtaining control of epileptic seizures. A section on seizure recognition describes epilepsy and seizures, covering seizure classification and the causes of…

Presented are a strategy for recording observations of preschool children, documentation of the strategy in use in a nursery school, and thoughts on the importance of observing for curriculum planning, teacher-parent conferences, and professionalism. The system of documentation includes a daily attendance record, written observations on children's…

The purpose of this study was to clarify and empirically examine the role played by a toddler's self comforting skill in facilitating the separation-individuation process. On the basis of psychoanalytic ideas and empirical findings it was predicted that self comforting would be positively related to both secure attachment and self awareness. It…

The purpose of this study was to provide a description of the kinds of prosocial behavior that 2- and 5-year-old children naturally exhibit. Caretakers were asked for their observations of children's prosocial behavior in natural settings. Specifically, 40 parents and teachers who had daily interactions with 2-year-olds were asked to name the most…

Self-reports and observations of the naturally occurring behavior of adolescents were made to investigate friendship patterns. The study was conducted during a week-long summer camp for children of university alumni attending classes. A total of 20 female and 10 male youths, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years, participated. Self-report data…

A social organizational theory is outlined, and how types of data drawn from it may be useful in an evaluation context is indicated. Anthropological ethnography is proposed as a more powerful tool in those evaluations undertaken from a phenomenological perspective. Naturalistic/qualitative evaluation lacks a theoretical perspective on how groups…

An attempt to develop understandings about how individuals experience change within organizational contexts is presented. Concerns Based Adoption Model (CBAM) research provides background for how evaluation utilization can be defined and why it might be useful to view evaluation as an innovation. A change process-based definition of evaluation…

An observational measurement system was used to examine the interaction of 14 learning disabled (LD) students (12-15 years old) and their teachers. Interactions were compared with those of 16 non LD students (12-16 years old). It was hypothesized that LDs would have fewer interactions with their teachers and that the proportion of negative…

This article describes integrated reading, writing, and language behaviors characteristic of 18-month-old children. Two children, a boy and a girl, were given books to examine and the researcher simply observed their behavior. Books were selected from the children's own collections. The writing tasks were handled the same way. Paper and markers…

The first purpose of the study was to develop a methodology for observing young children at play in their classroom situations without access to sound. The second purpose was to use data collected under equivalent conditions and methodologies to compare the play behaviors of young deaf children to the play behaviors of their hearing counterparts.…

Principals, this author says, must allow teachers to appraise themselves. Introducing teachers to observation systems and inviting them to participate will give them the impetus to improve their teaching through increased self-knowledge. (Editor)