In this article, I document and analyze all municipal, state, and county-level efforts for Black reparations in the United States. Most efforts resemble H.R. 40's exploratory commission model, possibly due to policy path dependency. Few geographies have allocated funding for committee recommendations, but some have allocated funds for committee…

This systematic review identifies the barriers to implementing restorative justice programs in public school organizations. Due to the novelty of restorative justice in schools, barriers often hamper the implementation process. Thus, it was necessary to identify barriers and how they can be mitigated. The PRISMA tool was utilized to examine 17…

This research considers Pell grant restoration for incarcerated people for the field of higher education in prison. Using the original data, we outline the limits of Pell funding in the prison context by surfacing persistent funding challenges that the Pell grant alone cannot address and may exacerbate. By providing the necessary investments to…

The science of learning and development demonstrates that when young people maintain positive school-based relationships, their learning and well-being is supported and enhanced. This brief elevates the practices and approaches that secondary school educators and staff can use to put relationships and caring at the center of their practice. It…

Decades of research in the field of psychology explores public school environments, however it was only recently that psychologists and mental health professionals have begun incorporating themselves into school communities directly. While research has examined the use of retributive and restorative methods, little quantitative research identifies…

The "IDRA Newsletter" serves as a vehicle for communication with educators, school board members, decision-makers, parents, and the general public concerning the educational needs of all children across the United States. The focus of this issue is "Education Policy Issues in Texas & Georgia." Contents include: (1) What to…

The requirement that schools must monitor student internet use is not a new concept to K-12 education; however, the use of safety management platforms (SMPs) to help with this task is new. These tools utilize artificial intelligence to sift through the data attached to student information and communications technology (ICT) use and report it back…

The purpose of this study was to examine the Problem of Practice (POP) to determine if Restorative Practices (RP) can have an impact on the disproportionality of out of school suspensions (OSS) for Black and Multi-Race students at Eastern High School. RP has emerged as a promising intervention to mitigate racially disproportionate practices in…

Research on LGBTQ+ students and their sense of belonging in public schools is necessary; minoritized students deserve to feel safe, validated, and valued in a space where they belong. Using the 2017-2018 School Survey on Crime and Safety public-access data, we align variables to Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems framework. This study explored…

The "IDRA Newsletter" serves as a vehicle for communication with educators, school board members, decision-makers, parents, and the general public concerning the educational needs of all children across the United States. The focus of this issue is "Student Rights." Contents include: (1) Restorative Practices Can Prevent and…

Restrictive instruction and punitive discipline often run parallel in schools, prompting a continued need to provide authentic learning opportunities that value children's literacy strengths in an inclusive community. Restorative justice has been identified as a pedagogical stance in addressing harmful policies in schools, and it is most often…

In recent years, there have been efforts by educators and policymakers to address disparities in the use of suspensions and expulsions. These students are at risk for further academic difficulties, successive suspensions, school drop-out, unemployment, and arrests. To address these concerns, the use of evidenced-based behavior supports are being…

Discipline referrals and suspensions are used as a last resort to address inappropriate student behavior in schools. The problem investigated in this study was the inconsistent trend in the number of discipline referrals and suspensions during implementation of three different discipline policies (zero tolerance, progressive discipline, and…

A phenomenological design was used to examine the shared experiences of secondary student leaders during Restorative Practices Connection Circle meetings. The Connection Circles meetings were held once a week and led by selected student leaders with the goal of providing a space and opportunity for teachers and students to build stronger…

Over the past three decades, the restorative approach (RA) has been increasingly used as an alternative to exclusionary methods of discipline in the K-12 education system. Although the body of scholarship investigating the effectiveness of RA has grown, there remains a deficit in the literature that specifically explores barriers to effective and…