The test group was composed of thirty 8-to 12-year-old males. (CH)

It is necessary to change the attitudes of the Federal government and industry towards the role of the farm and farmer in agriculture. (BP)

This study is concerned with the effects of teacher contingencies on academic behaviors of normal children at cognitively oriented centers in an open education classroom. Results indicate teacher attention greatly affects preferences for academic and nonacademic centers by kindergarten children. (Author)

One school district has taken a step toward greater humanization. At Lewiston-Porter Central School District in Youngstown, New York, Step Ahead Letters provide formal positive reinforcement for effort and improved achievement by any and all students, irrespective of academic ability. (WM)

Forty overweight female subjects were randomly assigned to one of eight treatment combinations in a 2x2x2 matrix. The use of positive coverants produced significantly more weight loss than negative coverants. (Author)

This study tested the hypothesis that the frequency of prosocial behavior of six 5-year-old kindergarten boys could be increased by reinforcing such behavior more powerfully than competing, non-social behavior. A sand-play machine was designed for the study. The machine could be modified to structure contingencies of reinforcement for social…

Guidelines for establishing behavior modification programs for smokers are discussed. The phases for dealing with this problem behavior are presented as: (1) identification of the specific behavior; (2) recognition of learned behavior and cues that stimulate the behavior; (3) establishment of positive reinforcement to strengthen new behavior,…

A token reinforcement program was used by the Piney Woods Research and Demonstration Center in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Children who were from economically deprived homes received tokens for positive behavior. The tokens were redeemable for recess privileges, ice cream, candy, and other such reinforcers. All tokens were spent on the day earned so…

In a 1964 investigation of the effects of age and memory on problem solving, using subjects from age three to age nineteen, it was found that the youngest and oldest subjects performed a three-choice probabilistic task significantly different from the "middle-age" children (7 to 9 years old). The three-choice task was an apparatus with a…

This book for teacher trainees and practicing teachers contains programmed lessons that are designed to explain the theory and techniques of classroo m behavior modification. The first part deals with basic principles of behavior modification and includes chapters on how behaviors are learned, why they are maintained, and how they can be…

This book contains a widely used method for structuring learning in a positive environment. The material is presented in a workshop format. Each unit should be read and worked on for one week; the teachers should then meet to exchange ideas. Unit 1 discusses behavior, and informs the reader that if he/she wants to influence a change in behavior,…

The subject of this bulletin is achieving better discipline through the use of contingency management. Part 1 discusses the basic beliefs of behaviorists and the basic principles of behaviorism. It states that all human beings do what they do in pursuit of some variety or combination of tangible reinforcers, social reinforcers, and intangible…