The relationship between university research and public need is discussed from both a historical and contemporary perspective. Examples are cited of European experiences in which there has been obvious industrial motivation for research performed by the universities. The author notes that there are no difficulties with the level of government…

The report describes regulation of philanthropic organizations by federal, state, and self-regulatory groups within the organizations. It is the final volume in a five volume series examining the relationship between nonprofit institutions and their donors. Topics discussed in the first part of this volume are regulation of the philanthropic…

This paper focuses on the evaluation of programs and policies designed to promote gender equity in schools and to raise awareness in general about gender issues in urban education. It raises the following problems: (1) How to frame and define gender as an important issue in urban education; (2) How to decide where and by what criteria to…

Proceedings are presented of a conference that examined the purposes and setting of tertiary education in Australia in the changing social order of the 1980s, the future roles for tertiary education in Australia, and the pattern and form of accountability appropriate to Australian tertiary education in the late twentieth century. Papers and…

A literature review is presented of client outcome measures in rehabilitation programs for the physically disabled in Canada and the United States. Following an introduction to the changing need for program evaluations and accountability, articles dealing with the traditional outcome measurement system are reviewed that deal with the traditional…

Accountability, in the sense of educational efficiency, has popular political appeal in Australia. Yet there is urgent need for Australian educators to influence how accountability is to be defined and to determine how it is to be implemented at the school level. One useful definition of accountability, satisfactory to both teachers and the…

The roles of accrediting associations and college trustees in promoting the quality of educational operations are considered. Voluntary accrediting associations have established a framework for institutional and program self-regulation, including the concept of peer review, and have emphasized the evaluation of institutions and programs in the…

The fifth of eight related documents, this booklet is part of a series of papers presented at the 1978 National Right to Read Conference examining issues and problems in literacy. In examining the issue of student accountability, this booklet first sets forth the prototypical case of pupil illiteracy and surveys the arguments that can be made for…

Based on the belief that the popularity of accountability periodically waxes and wanes in education, this article outlines a bit of the history of the concept and defines and explains educational accountability. The author traces the roots of accountability back to the 1858 Newcastle report, the first comprehensive survey of English elementary…

It is suggested that controversy concerning faculty productivity assessment and development is an outcome of different conceptions or frames of reference: the romanticist is far more likely to perceive and relate to the social aspects, while the classicist is much more aware of and attuned to the technical aspects. Factors affecting productivity…

Licensing is not only ineffective in most professions including the health field but perhaps counterproductive in trying to protect the consumer from incompetent or unethical practitioners. The history and status of professional licensing in this country date back to 1760. Today almost 5,000 different professional and occupational licenses are…

Several of the major difficulties that faced urban school systems during the decade from 1965 to 1975 are considered briefly in this short document. One of these problems is the changing nature of the urban population and the resultant stresses on urban districts. Other issues include declining enrollment; insufficient financial support at local,…

The relationship between formal education and creativity was investigated in two studies. A reanalysis of Cox's (1926) 301 geniuses indicated that achieved eminence of creators is a curvilinear inverted-U function of formal education. Secondly, a study of 33 American presidents found that dogmatism (i.e., idealistic inflexibility) is a curvilinear…

Developments that highlight the importance of state oversight and authorization of higher education institutions and the objectives of the current Colorado Springs seminar on this topic are considered. In addition to the basic fact that states are the origin of chartering, licensing, and authorization of educational institutions, states have…

Three papers from conferences on statewide coordination in postsecondary education are presented as part of the Inservice Education Program of the Education Commission of the States. In "Educational Program Budgeting in Oklahoma," Edwaro J. Coyle and Dan S. Hobbs outline the principles, procedures, and processes utilized by the state in…