This study investigates whether minority students are judged as needing referral for special educational services more frequently than others and whether teachers from various ethnic backgrounds differ in recommending such referrals. Interaction between ethnicity of students judged as needing referral and teachers making the referrals is also…

Two methods of identifying language disordered children were examined in a study involving 54 regular kindergarten through fifth-grade teachers in two Albuquerque schools serving 1,212 children (assigned on a roughly matched basis to one of two groups). (Author/PHR)

Sound use of hospital social work services is not achieved when workers rely on other health personnel for referrals. A screening mechanism to identify patients at high levels of social risk and to restore the initiative to social work staff is presented. (Author)

As the result of inservice training and public information efforts in the Fremont (California) Unified School District, 138 children were referred to the district's program for visually impaired students over a 3 1/2 year period. (Author)

Presents the findings of a library survey, part of the Public Library I&R (Information and Referral) Project, to assess the nature and extent of I&R services. Discussed are simple and complex information-giving, constructing a public resource file, and a comparison model of high and low profile services. (SW)

Describes Israel's maternal and child health program which consists of state-wide neighborhood-based centers providing prenatal care and advice; assessments of a child's growth and development; immunizations; extensive counseling about child development, childrearing, and nutrition; and referrals for care of sick children. (BF/JH)

This article proposes use of birth defects registries in facilitating early intervention. It reports results of a survey to identify state programs that are using, or planning to use, birth defects surveillance systems to identify and refer children and families for services. It provides four case examples and recommended steps to encourage use of…

Nine studies that examined the use of referral reply letters that transferred information from specialists to referring physicians were analyzed. Although research indicates that physicians are receptive to such letters as sources of learning, little educational content was actually included in the letters. (Contains 39 references.) (SK)

Like many educational innovations, mainstreaming has suffered from inflated promises and inadequate resources. Effective prereferral consultation can help address these problems if supported by a comprehensive plan including consultant selection, consultation training and support, administrative sanction, teacher training and support, parent…

This discussion of prereferral intervention looks at the major components of the approach; contrasts it with traditional methods of service delivery; outlines advantages, unresolved issues, and potential barriers; and presents a case illustration demonstrating its important aspects. (Author/MSE)

A fragile site on the X chromosome has been implicated in developmental disabilities among both males and females. Data are presented on the characteristics and treatment of fragile X syndrome patients that can assist the school psychologist in program planning and appropriate referral. (Author/TE)

Surveys students concerning recruitment and referral issues at the writing center. Finds that the higher the class level, the less likely the student was to have attended the center. Finds that students view instructor referral to the writing center as a bargain. Suggests ways to improve tutor training, advertising, and referral methods. (RS)

Reports survey responses from administrators of 23 urban and 25 rural, federally funded, primary health care projects in 6 midwestern states. Compares urban and rural projects regarding patients' social problems, staffing patterns, referrals to other agencies and community groups, and present and projected social services. Contains 16 references.…

Compared z-score discrepancy and regression procedure for determining severe discrepancy between ability and achievement among 236 learning-disabled (LD) referrals. Contrasted results with policy dictating that lowest achieving of referrals be considered LD. Evaluated each student with individual intelligence scale and achievement test. Results…

The school consultation and pre-referral intervention literature has ignored a fundamental aspect of behavior change--treatment integrity (the degree to which a treatment is implemented as planned). Treatment integrity is discussed as it relates to the design, implementation, and monitoring of such intervention plans. (TJH)