Describes the steps a day care center referral source must take in order to refer a potential client. Steps include: (1) awareness; (2) recognition; (3) retention; and (4) referrals. Ways in which a center may increase referrals are discussed. (RJC)

Relationships between teacher characteristics and their ratings of problem behavior and likelihood to refer students to special education were explored with 230 Dutch primary teachers. Teacher self-efficacy and pupil problem type (learning or behavioral) proved to be significant predictors of problem ratings and referral chances. (Author/DB)

The successful selection of a child care provider can be accomplished by breaking down the process into manageable steps: (1) selecting the day care type; (2) obtaining referrals; (3) listing desired attributes in a provider; (4) conducting personal interviews with providers; and (5) checking providers' references. (SM)

A survey of 497 professionals attending educational programs on child sexual abuse found that 69 percent of the nonphysicians did not refer all alleged child abuse victims for medical evaluations (as recommended). The type of abuse and presence of physical and psychological symptoms were considered in making referral decisions. (Author/DB)

Critically examines experiment by Algozzine and Ysseldyke (1981) that found school psychologists, teachers, and other professionals overrely on referrals and underuse test scores. Examines other experiments that contradict these findings. Compares subjects, test scores, and descriptive information that subjects in these experiments received.…

An evaluation of one therapeutic service offered to sexually abused children in the United Kingdom exposed the methodological issue of false negatives among the comparison group, suggesting that researchers cannot assume that nonreferred comparison subjects have not actually experienced sexual abuse. (DB)

Notes that many unemployed Vietnam veterans may be suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Symptoms and behaviors of PTSD are reviewed to assist employment counselors in identifying clients with PTSD. Counseling and referral actions are suggested. Outlines four-phase approach used by many Veterans Centers in counseling veterans with…

This study, involving 87 special-education directors, examined the number of referred students assessed for special-education services over the last 10 years and the number of assessed students declared eligible and served. Results indicated 90 to 92% of referrals were tested and 70 to 74% of tested students were declared eligible. (Author/CR)

The key to achieving effective marketing of centers and services is to make messages creative, consistent, and continual. Creative marketing involves creating an awareness of the program. A consistent, identifiable image will create program recognition. Effective, continual marketing utilizes a mix of marketing methods on an ongoing basis to…

Addresses common critiques of Alcoholics Anonymous by offering a way of understanding it as a "normative narrative community" where identity transformation takes place through the use of metaphor and storytelling. Suggests alternative meanings of key metaphors, describes areas of program strength and potential barriers for social…

Seeks to understand teachers' beliefs, values, and the motivations for certain counseling referrals and to help school counselors protect preventive developmental programs through teacher training and effective consultation. Results demonstrate that factors such as models of helping and teacher assumptions moderate the referral process in a…

This article is based on a survey of educational diagnosticians working in Texas for the 2001-02 school year. The Executive Board of the Texas Educational Diagnosticians' Association (TEDA) developed the comprehensive survey that contained over 50 items. Only three items were related specifically to the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS)…

Despite its entrenchment as a standard of practice, no-suicide contracts fail to achieve their purpose as an effective part of treatment or as an effective method of inoculating counselors against potential lawsuits should a client commit suicide. Critical elements for managing suicidal clients and counselor liability without reliance on the…

Background: The present study examined empathy in 8- to 12-year-old clinically referred boys with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) (n = 25) and age-matched normal controls (n = 24). Method: Situational empathy was assessed by children's emotional and cognitive responses to six empathy-inducing vignettes (displaying sadness, anger or happiness).…

The report of the President's Commission on Excellence in Special Education (PCESE) is questioned with reference to the achievement gap it identifies, its recommendations regarding prevention, its suggestion that many students are misidentified, and its concern for over identification of African American students in the category of emotional and…