This document is a manual for users of the Pupil Record of School Experience (PROSE) technique of classroom observation. PROSE is a mark-sensing sheet of paper testing 148 categories of student behavior, and providing spaces in which the recorder can indicate which of them he observes. A reproduction of the form is given and its use is carefully…

Data Collection and reduction procedures used in the system for the Analysis of Classroom Communication (SACC) are presented. The SACC is a system devised for the systematic observation of verbal and non-verbal classroom behavior. Coders employ data sheets which contain numbered cells for recording behavior at five second intervals. Each sheet…

Evaluation of effective classroom teaching has long plagued school supervisors and administrators. Rating is generally done with criteria which varies according to the educational objectives of the rater as well as with his subjective impressions of the staff member being rated. Counselor Educators are faced with a similar problem when attempting…

This document describes the process by which aspects of nonverbal communication that appear to be indicators of involvement were identified, described, classified, and rated. To facilitate this process, an Action Category System was developed through observation in the natural classroom setting and subsequent analyses of the recorded behavior…

This presentation is rooted in several years of multidimensional research into the behavior of teacher and pupils; that is, more than a single technique is used simultaneously, each assessing a different dimension of the interaction. One promising outcome of findings is the possibility of measuring pupil growth by means of observational systems.…

This manual describes the Caregiver Language Observation Instrument, a device useful for observing the language behavior of caregivers in infant day care settings. Eleven categories of language behavior are recorded: approval, disapproval, cautioning, soothing, talking to, questioning, labeling, elaborating, singing, directing, and imitating. The…

This manual is designed as a practical handbook for air pollution control officials. A variety of situations and tasks encountered in field operations are described and the appropriate action which should be taken is explained Topics include source detection, source inspection, recording and reporting inspections, maintaining a recording system,…

This investigation developed a procedure for scoring English compositions that would be simple enough for use by junior college instructors with minimal statistical assistance, and still yield data that would allow sound inferences regarding student placement procedures and assessment of instructional effects. Twenty-one instructors from 14 junior…

This investigation was designed to determine the effects of a perceptual modeling concept on the verbal behaviors of student teachers in their student teaching experience. The major objectives were 1) to determine the effects on verbal behavior of a videotape versus a verbal presentation of an interaction analysis system, and 2) to identify those…

An ongoing behavioral model for implementing staff development and evaluation procedures is proposed, which systematically focuses on assessing and facilitating behavioral change in the classroom and enables the educational executive to assess what is actually happening there. The administrator is thus provided with the necessary information to…

General systems for analyzing instructional interaction have found the most common teacher behavior to be asking questions. This evaluation compares and contrasts two systems for analyzing teacher questions: Price-Belland, developed by the authors from the Bloom-Saunders tradition, and Hough-Duncan, modified for detailed question analysis.…

The purpose of this study was to develop paradigms of verbal interaction for problem solving discussions. Taking selected definitions from previously published work, categories were built which classify verbal moves. Using the categories, models of verbal interaction were built which subsumed such verbal interaction concepts as the venture, move,…

The purpose of this study was to translate a general cognitive observation system, the "Florida Taxonomy of Cognitive Behavior," into a system specific to mathematics. Firstly, a group of 20 mathematics educators generated a preliminary Taxonomy. Secondly, this taxonomy was critiqued by a group of 55 mathematics educators while, independently, a…

Systematic observation of teacher behavior in several classrooms of an informal British infant schools was undertaken in order to determine typical patterns of interaction between teacher and child. Among the major findings reported are the following: 1) a typical pattern of teacher behavior in which extended substantive discussions with one or a…

Nine scales were developed to measure a series of classroom behavior variables derived from a factor analytic study of five observation systems. The scales are multipoint check lists which are behaviorally referenced by different amounts and types of classroom behaviors. The scales measure such aspects of classroom behavior as teacher-initiated…