Ways that colleges and universities might respond to a period of fiscal problems are addressed. It is suggested that larger trends must be examined to understand the present situation that bureaucracy and expertise are on the defensive, and that major integrated institutions--churches, parties, unions--are in decline. It is shown that there is now…

Using as an example the development of the comprehensive school concept in the Netherlands, this paper explores the strategy for educational innovation in a centralized national educational system, the role of educational research and evaluation in educational innovation, the impact of research on policy-making, and the strengths and weaknesses of…

Because the supervisor in the small school is often a Jack-of-all-trades, he may see himself as a manager rather than as a leader; however, to be an effective administrator, he must not only be ready for change but must be instrumental in creating desired change. Characteristics that affect the willingness and ability of rural schools to accept…

Collaborative planning between Western Kentucky University and a local junior high school resulted in a successful new program for student discipline that was accepted and implemented by teachers and administrators. Inservice training was provided in positive discipline strategies, based on Glasser's reality therapy, over a two-year (1974-76)…

A new educational system for primary grades has been in effect in Czechoslovakia since 1976. This new approach demanded revisions in teacher preparation and skills, since much of the burden for the system's success rested with the teachers. The new system calls for primary school teachers to be able to teach all subjects in two consecutive grade…

The methods and process of desegregation between 1968 and 1976 were analyzed for 52 large school districts in this case survey report. The first section presents the research design in which the case survey method and the selection of 52 districts are considered. The second section includes a detailed look at the various desegregation techniques…

The three purposes of a literature review were to (1) document factors relating to the underrepresentation of women in vocational education administration, (2) establish a sound data base for dissemination, and (3) encourage other project and program work toward attaining sex equity in vocational education administration. Ten interpersonal factors…

This report describes a pilot energy conservation project in Grande Prairie (Alberta) School District No. 2357. Extensive data collection and analysis were undertaken to provide a sound, quantitative basis for evaluation of the program. Energy conserving measures requiring capital outlays were not considered. During the project, electric demand…

Experiences of the 1970s and prospects for the 1980s of colleges that had undergone enrollment decline and/or financial cutbacks were surveyed, based on visits to 20 colleges and universities in 11 states in the Northeast, Midwest, and South. Some of the strategies to resist and overcome decline have potential for success in a wide range of…

A study tested the effectiveness of ridicule as an educational and social corrective in children's educational television programs. Arbitrary activities involving a novel object were presented to 69 four-year-old and 83 six-year-old children via videotaped presentations and demonstrations. In each of three types of motivational message (ridicule,…

Published as a special project of Texas IMPACT and the Texas Conference of Churches, this booklet outlines legal aspects of the education of undocumented children, lists moral and practical reasons for educating them, provides reasons for changing the Texas law which prohibits use of state funds for education of children who are not legally…

A strong local economy which allows residents of a community to work and shop near their homes is perhaps the best safeguard against the threats of urban sprawl, economic stagnation, physical deterioration and loss of unique identity facing many small towns. Utilizing a six-phase process advocated by the University of Wisconsin-Extension,…

This guide, part of the Project BORN FREE training series for teachers, counselors, administrators, and parents, accompanies the videotape about parental socialization, career histories, problems, choices, and suggestions for androgynous child rearing. The videotape format presents individuals from different occupations, age levels, and…

One hundred years of rural development in India is surveyed, tracing the impact of colonial administration up to and including the decades of independence--an administration built on elitism, centralism, and paternalism. Four major rural problems of famine, abuses of land tenure, peasant indebtedness, and rural disaffection and how political…

Needs assessment is part of the decision making and program planning process in mental health centers. Four commonly used approaches for identifying needs are: (1) social indicators; (2) analysis of resources and patterns of use; (3) community surveys; and (4) group approaches. Rarely does a single approach provide all the information necessary to…