A study examined the shift of the United States public's primary news source from newspapers to radio and then to television between 1937 and 1987 to determine the validity of the generally accepted explanation that people have shifted media (displacement). Two alternative processes were discovered that could also account for this phenomenon: (1)…

Alcoholism is frequently called a family disease; encouraging and even insisting that family members participate in the treatment of alcoholics has become routine practice in almost every treatment setting. This study examined the relationship between treatment participation by a family member and two measures of recovery for three birth cohorts…

Kentucky is one of the many states in which enrollment has declined since 1971. This study gathered data on the previous decline and then projected state enrollment up to 1981-82. The cohort-survival technique was used in projections. Numbers of live births and survival ratios were supplied by the Bureau of Vital Statistics. Survival ratios…

Five elementary school groups, or cohorts, were given the Test Anxiety Scale for Children and the Lie Scale for Children on three occasions over a year's time. This paper examines the results cross-sectionally and reveals between-group, or cohort effects. The youngest and oldest cohorts displayed low anxiety. Within-group longitudinal changes did…

This paper discusses two approaches that are well adapted to school district enrollment forecasting and related planning studies. The author focuses in turn on two enrollment forecasting methods--the Analytical Simulation Approach, and the Modified Cohort Survival Approach. After briefly describing each forecasting method, he presents a short case…

Describes a program for enrollment projections in sufficient detail to communicate the output generated and techniques utilized. Interspersed with the text are 14 tables. (MLF)

Two studies with 139 male and 149 female undergraduate students and 79 female college students, respectively, assessed the development and validation of the Need for Cognition (NFC) Scale, which has 45 true/false items. Three subscales (Cognitive Persistence, Cognitive Confidence, and Cognitive Complexity) were identified. Some results concerning…

This paper reports teacher survival rates in the St. Louis metropolitan area and updates a similar 1978 study by the authors. High dropout rates continue to exist in the beginning years of teaching for each entering cohort. Implications for teacher effectiveness, salaries, and future demand for new teachers are discussed. (Author/BS)

Examines increases in dissolved marriages among families in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics between 1969 and 1978, considering changes in cohort composition of heads of households and changes in the female's role in the family. Discusses implications of results for use of life-event variables in accounting for divorce. (NRB)

Prediction of success in a special program often guides program participant selection and treatment. If the statistical analysis used to develop such predictions is based on the special selectivity built into the program, the predictions can be misleading and the validation tests uninformative. Federal district court pretrial release data is used…

Using data from High School and Beyond, a national longitudinal study of American high school students, the authors investigated who drops out, why one student drops out but not another, what dropouts do while peers remain in school, and what impact dropping out has on gains in tested achievement. (MT)

Examined four large surveys to establish the existence of passages. Results indicated that age groups and their associated passages can be identified. The passages appear to progress with time, but are not stable across cultures. Suggests that the generational event theory provides a better model for explanation. (JAC)

Data from the "National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997" are used to examine the association between the CTE-to-academic-coursetaking ratio and the likelihood of dropping out. Descriptive statistics are presented for 1,628 individuals born in 1980. Transcript and survey data are then used in estimating nonproportional hazards models…

Moving from high school into young adulthood is a critical developmental transition, a time of both continuity and discontinuity in health and well-being. How well one negotiates this transition, as evidenced by one's course of well-being and substance use, depends in part on historical cohort, gender, and life-path. Using U.S. national panel data…

This descriptive study examined differences in childhood play across three generations, focusing on kind of play, time of play, and the place play occurred. Participating in the study were 100 persons randomly selected from an initial sample of 165, with 20 subjects from each of 5 age groups: 5 to 12 years; 13 to 20; 21 to 40; 41 to 65; and older…