An adolescent's learning patterns are developed throughout the student's socialization process, suggesting that peer pressure may influence learning. Female college students (N=15) aged 19-21 participated in a pencil-maze learning task performed while blindfolded. The task was presented in three categories of stimuli conditions: (1) normal…

A study assessed the relationship of the independent variables of interpersonal attraction to the dependent variables of feeling good, relational safety, and uncertainty level. Subjects were 75 elementary and secondary school teachers, 61 communication students, 18 child development professionals, and 8 service club members. Each subject completed…

TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERING TEACHER REINFORCEMENT BEHAVIOR ON STUDENTS, 21 MIDDLE-CLASS AND 12 LOWER-CLASS MALE NINTH- AND 10TH-GRADE REMEDIAL READING STUDENTS WERE SHOWN TWO FILMS. THE FIRST DEPICTED A "POSITIVE" TEACHER WHO CONSISTENTLY REWARDED CORRECT RESPONSES WHILE NEGLECTING INCORRECT ONES, AND THE SECOND SHOWED A…

This study investigated the relative effectiveness of books on reading achievement scores when earned by under-achieving readers in a student tutoring program. Fifty-three fifth grade students who were in below grade level classroom reading groups and who scored from six months to three years below grade level on at least one of two reading…

The objective of the present study was to explore whether the concepts of immediate and delayed reward have any relevance to the content of the mewspaper. In his theory of instrumental and expressive activities, Himmelstrand suggests that instrumental activities tend to have a cumulative structure while expressive activities will have a…

A study involving 20 emotionally disturbed boys (9- to 11-years-old) was conducted to determine the effects of tactile and verbal reinforcement on attention to task and accuracy. Ss were given arithmetic problems to work during 16 20-minute sessions under four conditions: tactile reinforcement (intermittent touch pressure applied to Ss shoulders…

An overcorrection procedure was developed and used to eliminate drooling and tongue thrusting in two 5-year-old speech and language impaired females (one cerebral palsied and the other with an inherited disease of the autonomic nervous system). The procedure, which involved positive reinforcement paired with a verbal warning, eliminated one…

This study investigated the effects of delay of reinforcement on the classroom academic behaviors (rate of increase and accuracy of mathematical problem completion) by elementary students. A total of 11 fourth graders with a history of low achievement in arithmetic were divided into two groups and given timed arithmetic tests daily. Three…

The effectiveness of the reinforcing of low rates of responding (DRL) in the reduction of unacceptable behaviors was demonstrated with two students in regular first and second grade classes. Ss were given play-time reinforcement when the total number of disruptions (such as fighting with other students) during a session were below the DRL limit.…

A contract and point system were used to decrease the pilfering behavior of an 11-year-old boy. Under the contract system, the boy kept a daily record of his progress and earned points toward a trip to the planetarium. After introduction of the contract the pilfering dropped from at least two times a week to none at all. (LS)

An interpretive studies project on applying reinforcement principles in the classroom was conducted by Dr. Edward M. Glaser of the Human Interaction Research Institute, Los Angeles, California and Dr. Irwin G. Sarason of the University of Washington, Seattle. PREP kit No. 18 has been adapted from the teacher's guide to behavioral modification…

This study was designed to determine whether student response to supervision would be affected by the reinforcement of positive (or negative) attitudes toward five patterns of supervisory behavior as shown in motion pictures. For one group of vocational high school students, attitudes toward the supervisory roles "Consideration" and "Tolerance of…

This booklet discusses the Community Cooperative Nursery School, a program of preschool education for children from a wide range of socioeconomic levels. The involvement of mothers in the classroom, in special classes, and in decision-making, is an integral part of the program. Sources of more detailed information are provided for this program,…

A behavior modification program in toilet training, utilizing reinforcing properties of music, candy, cold drinks, and television was instigated with institutionalized (nontoilet trained) males, ages 15-20 , who were profoundly, severely and moderately mentally handicapped. Eleven experimental and 11 control subjects were involved. A Toileting…

Twenty mildly and moderately retarded boys (age 12 to 18 years) participated in a behavior modification program in which adaptive behavior was rewarded through tokens or privileges, while maladaptive behavior was controlled through the use of fines and removal from the situation. The preliminary results (based on four months of operation) showed…