In a recent survey, most managers and blue-collar workers indicated that the availability of job modifications would alter their retirement plans. Such an alternative can alleviate some job-related problems of older workers and permit an organization to capitalize fully upon these employees' skills. (SK)

Shows how jobs can be designed so that both satisfaction and performance result. Five satisfaction-oriented and five performance-oriented implementing concepts are discussed and summarized in tables. (Author/JD)

Retention and creation of jobs is vital for the economic health of the nation. Union action, especially at the state and local level, can push policymakers toward high-road development strategies. (JOW)

Comparison of community business development in two neighborhoods in Liverpool, England, resulted in the following implications for economic development strategy: (1) social entrepreneurs do not access the same infrastructure as business entrepreneurs; (2) community businesses differ from private enterprise; (3) displacement effects must be…

Division of labor in hospitals has undergone task reunification, promoted as professional upgrading for nurses. However, this contradicts theories of professionalization and intensifies nurses' workload. At the same time, flattening of the nursing hierarchy increases their accountability. (Author/SK)

Four Tennessee agencies participating in a job development project for people with disabilities used either the cold-call model or referral. They experienced substantially fewer rejections and more placements with referral. The business approach to job development improved the quality and quantity of efforts. (SK)

Shows how job growth slowed dramatically in 1995, but the unemployment rate remained little changed. Discusses trends in nonfarm payroll employment by industry and changes in employment status of people in various demographic and occupational groups. (Author)

Energy in the form of electricity is a hot topic among tribes within the Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP). For too many people, energy is too expensive, not reliable, or even nonexistent. For many tribal members, up to 20 or 30 percent of income is spent on energy, which is unbelievably high compared to nontribal people in the same area.…

In a previous ethnographic study (Sebrant, 2000) a social constructionist view of how social identity is produced among professional groups in Swedish healthcare was developed. Looking at the workplace as an important environment for identity construction suggested that these processes were conditions for learning. The purpose of this paper is to…

This report provides United States corporate and union policymakers with practical information on one alternative work pattern for older employees--phased retirement--from European colleagues who already have implemented or negotiated specific phasing programs. An introduction provides details on the collection of information from companies in…

Two major classes of environmental stressors have been examined in life stress research: major life events and minor everyday hassles. To compare these two classes of stressors along with two stressful life events (threatened job loss and reorganization of the work setting), and to investigate the buffering effect of coping responses on…

The experiment reported here was conducted during a 12-month period at four plants owned by the same company. Managers were given artificial reports about previous findings obtained in implementing job enlargement and job rotation programs. Led to expect higher productivity as a result of these organizational innovations, the managers increased…

This document describes a wide variety of successful experiences in creating employment and better incomes through economic growth. These descriptions tell how local initiative, aided by programs of the Economic Development Administration (U.S. Department of Commerce), transformed ideas into job opportunities. Programs are described for the states…

To define and measure the emergence and existence of an occupation, occupational program consultant, the authors empirically tested its existence by comparing job roles of persons who trained in social work to those trained in business administration. A high degree of similarity was found, suggesting a new occupation. (Author/JOW)

The author examines some of the complexities involved in trying to answer the question: jobs or productivity? human labor or machines? She discusses calculation of labor intensity, Australian statistics on the subject, trends in productivity, and institutional discouragement of labor intensity. (CT)