Argues that "empowering" as a philosophy of education must balance its commitments to personal growth and to society, recognizing that just as personal power is primary and prerequisite to synergy so personal growth is prerequisite to societal contribution. (SRT)

Argues that Donald Graves' approach to critical literacy provides a crucial insight into the learning process by linking the nature of learning with the dreams, experiences, histories, and languages that students bring to school. Also argues that teachers should confirm student experiences so that students are supported. (SRT)

Traces development of the Association for Childhood Education International from its founding in 1892 to the present, emphasizing historical events, social trends, and educational philosophies which have influenced its organizational endeavors. Examines current social problems and their influences on the educational and administrative direction of…

Examines relationships between aspects of perceptions of energy resource options and attitudes to the environment, technology, and the quality of life. Survey results suggest that preferences for a decentralized soft energy path were stated by students expressing an "ecocentric" worldview while "technocentrists" opted for a…

Assesses the status and direction of Japan's approach to schooling. Questions the emphasis placed on rote learning and on attainment of high scores. Outlines potential themes and problems to examine for reforming Japanese schools. (ML)

Examines the role of commercial materials in reading instruction through analyses of expert opinion and of research on reading instruction. Reports a series of investigations concerning teachers' and administrators' conceptions of reading and reading instruction and offers a critical evaluation of recent writing on effective reading instruction.…

Elizabeth Hamilton, an eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century Scottish writer on education, was one of the first to advocate the application of educational psychology to teaching. She introduced Pestalozzi's method to the English-reading public and argued for equal education for all children of both sexes and all social backgrounds. (LFL)

This article describes the different world views and sense of history held by typical United States and Chinese citizens. Based on a personal relationship between the author and a family of intellectuals in China, the article includes anecdotes from the Chinese Cultural Revolution. (JDH)

Reviews "Schooling and Work in the Democratic State" (Carnoy and Levin, 1986). Concludes that the book is a valuable tool for the analysis of conflicting demands on education within a democratic, capitalist society. (JDH)

Compares the theories and major points made by "Schooling in Capitalist America" (Bowles and Gintis, 1978) with "Schooling and Work in the Democratic State" (Carnoy and Levin, 1986). Concludes that Carnoy and Levin have improved on their predecessors' account of educational change and the complex functions that schools play. (JDH)

Contributions of the Swedish scholar and social critic Wilhelm Sjostrand are discussed. His interests included educational psychology, comparative education, and the history of education. (RM)

The literacy of two high school students, who are at opposite ends of the academic spectrum, is explored to discover a definition of literacy and to define the consequences for literate students. (DF)

This article elaborates the various goal orientations currently characterizing continuing professional education and identifies their practical implications. A goal orientations model is presented that may prove useful in addressing both programmatic and policy considerations. (CT)

The article stresses the importance of teaching deaf children to think and learn through the development of meaning-making and meaning-sharing capacities. Classroom practices should thus be content focused and actively engage students in American Sign Language to develop general literacy. (CL)

Interviews Joanna Lennon, executive director of the East Bay Conservation Corps, an exemplary program among approximately 40 youth service and conservation corps around the country. Discusses her vision for social change through education. Traces key events and people influencing her personal and career development. (JHZ)