Issues in the reconceptualization of the relationship between higher education and employment, especially in the European countries, are examined. It is proposed that higher education can influence employment patterns and trends in ways that are currently underestimated, and that a new approach to the study of this relationship should focus on the…

Presents results of a survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers of its employer members. Responding organizations (n=422) rated on-campus recruitment as the most effective method of attracting college graduates. General trends are analyzed in terms of diversity, downsizing, company growth, competition, and selectivity. (JPS)

Summarizes the revised economic and policy types of the Economic Research Service's rural county classification system. The new typology is based on conditions in more recent years, includes Alaska and Hawaii, redefines persistent poverty, includes more county types, makes economic types nonoverlapping, and classifies counties designated as…

Current work force trends such as teamwork, empowerment, and quality pose challenges for traditional testing. Tests that can provide diagnostic developmental information for improving job performance are needed. Innovative practices such as video-based testing are emerging. (SK)

It is argued that employment data provide a useful and flexible metric to assess social impact. Problems and advantages with the traditional use of population statistics and the use of employment data are discussed, and an example of the use of each is given. (SLD)

In terms of employment, the best performer over the last decade was health services. The industry added nearly 3 million jobs, accounting for 1 of every 6 new jobs in the economy since 1980. (Author)

Examination of production jobs in 93 manufacturing firms (1978-86) and clerical jobs in 211 firms (1978-88) suggests (1) significant upskilling within most production jobs; (2) in clerical jobs, an even split between raised and lowered skill levels; and (3) decreasing skill levels associated with office automation. (SK)

Provides a detailed investigation of retention and exit patterns in the federal civil service. Discusses federal pay and turnover, changes in the federal workforce, and the impact of retention problems on the quality of federal workers and on affirmative action. (JOW)

Presents graphs showing employment and unemployment rates of 16 to 24 year olds by age, sex, and race from 1970-91, as well as types of employment obtained by young adults and median income. Also compares high school graduates and dropouts. (SK)

Data from the 1970 and 1980 censuses showed that (1) occupational and industrial segregation declined; (2) high employment growth in an occupation was associated with the decline; and (3) high employment growth is associated with improvements in relative female earnings. Results suggest that sex discrimination is lower in sectors where demand is…

A comparison of 1980 and 1987 follow-up studies of graduates of a bachelor of secretarial arts degree program indicates that significant change has occurred: fewer women are entering the business education teaching profession, salaries have improved, and the "office of the future" has become the office of 1990. (JOW)

Describes challenges to existing models of employment counseling in emerging global economy. Asserts career behavior and employment counseling will be affected by psychological dynamics, shifts in occupations, changing education and training requirements, and cultural transitions. Suggests need for employment counseling to be interactive with…

Analysis of economywide data found that, between 1965 and 1981, black women's occupational mobility rose relative to that of white women by 20 percent and white men by 24 percent . The pattern was thought to reflect the effects of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and affirmative action laws. (SK)

Discussed is research about trends in the pool of Ph.D. scientists in the United States. A position is presented that the expansion of the pool has bred a decline in the quality of the pool. (CW)

Data from a sample of university graduates in Egypt are used to test the effect of a mismatch in higher education policy and labor demand on future employment patterns. The results are delayed employment or underemployment and consequent lowering of lifetime earnings of college graduates. (MSE)