The example of a Swedish factory shows that it is possible for a "low-tech" company with no research and development and a low level of formally educated staff to be highly competitive. It succeeds through its tradition of industrial creativity and craft, innovative spirit, practical skills, and the organizational knowledge of a mature…

The constructs associated with primary prevention are used to consider the tenets of positive psychology. At the same time, issues from the literature on positive psychology can help to expand and strengthen research on primary prevention. Conclusions are reached about the potential bi-directional influences that these fields can have on each…

Discusses emerging ideas about the future of federal research and development activities as they relate to the future of industry and especially to institutions of higher learning. Discusses energy research today, a future perspective, the future of the research community, and challenges. Highlights the future orientation of the Office of Energy…

Proposes that in order to move beyond the simple identification of risk factors, scientific suicidology needs to give greater attention to the critical role of theory in guiding inquiry and advancing the understanding of suicidal behaviors. This article argues the importance of theoretical grounding from the perspective of psychological science…

Notes that United States currently has about 15 research institutes or departments affiliated with nursing homes, and several others are under consideration. Summarizes results of short survey of these institutes. Advantages for both nursing home and research of having research institute in nursing home are discussed along with problems that…

Claims the field of counseling currently lacks an integrative approach on issues of sexual orientations in training and research. Discusses some of the challenges and difficulties involved in integrating sexual orientations into counselor training curricula and research. Presents suggestions to help professionals gain a better understanding of…

Presents overview of Item Response Theory (IRT). Explores substantial advantages of IRT in both ability and attitude measurements. Describes and illustrates basic IRT models. Discusses instrument construction and computerized testing. (Author/BHK)

Discusses the Xerox/Kurzweil Personal Reader which is an advanced optical scanner that reads a greater range of typeset or typewritten text than its predecessors, and converts it into highly naturalistic speech. (MG)

This introduction to a special issue devoted to modeling data, information, and knowledge briefly describes the origins of the papers presented and the topics covered, which include: Boolean logic; probability theory; artificial intelligence; organizing and encoding information and data; and characteristics of users of retrieval systems. (12…

Discusses the origins of the University of Oregon's 20-year-old Center for Gerontology, focusing on the center's accomplishments. Discusses the center's current design, including both the continuities and the changes that have characterized its development. (Author/BH)

Reviews contents of the Fall/Winter 1989 edition of JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN CHILDHOOD EDUCATION. Topics include: differences in the psychosocial work environment of schools; possession and exchange of materials in Chinese and American preschools; primary education in Nigeria; exemplary grade 1 mathematics teaching; and priorities for kindergarten…

Responds to Hoshmand's article on alternate research paradigms in counseling psychology, asserting that Hoshmand has established a new milestone in the history of research in counseling psychology. Discusses the importance of Hoshmand's article and the usefulness of qualitative research in counseling psychology. (NB)

Responds to Hoshmand's article on alternate research paradigms in counseling psychology, calling it a valuable treatise that might have been made even more valuable by attending to the relationships between the more traditional research paradigm in psychology and the alternate paradigms presented by Hoshmand. (NB)

Updates review of literature on family therapy approaches to adolescent disturbances (Breunlin and Breunlin 1979), revealing significant developments in theory, practice, and research and highlighting new themes and continuing trends in literature on family therapy with adolescents. Review reveals that conjoint family therapy has emerged as…

A collegial research mentoring model was implemented at Pittsburg State University to (1) enhance the research climate, (2) encourage faculty to advance their own research agenda, (3) prepare faculty to compete for external funding, and (4) enable faculty to become mentors. After one year, the model shows promise of fulfilling these goals.…