Four philosophies of computer use in the social studies field are discussed, each representing a unique school of thought in teaching and learning. They are idealism, realism, experimentation, and existentialism. Idealists believe in an idea-centered social studies curriculum. Tutorial programs, carefully selected to achieve relevant goals, may…

Documents produced for three separate conferences that were convened to discuss the aims and methods of English instruction in the past century demonstrate the pedagogical shift from a "formal" concept of literacy to a more functional one. An 1896 conference at Harvard University reviewed secondary school and college English instruction during the…

This paper addresses the lack of a clear definition in the educational profession of such key terms as philosophies, goals, and objectives. Accordingly, a clear rationale and definition is proposed for each of these terms, along with examples illustrating their appropriate use. An educational philosophy is defined as a statement of motivating…

An historical and conceptual analysis of general education in the United States is presented, comprising the following chapters: (1) transformation and the search for meaning (including a discussion of the concept of general education); (2) the classical curriculum confronts democracy (democratic pressures on the classical curriculum; the Yale…

Views on the 1985 Association of American Colleges' (AAC) report, "Integrity in the College Curriculum," are presented based on lessons from the Greeks and specifically the period 450 to 350 B.C.E. Seven inferences are made on what an Athenian might offer in response to the AAC Report. For the Greeks, the goal of education was wisdom and…

The four elements of an effective social studies program are identified as knowledge, values, skills, and social participation. This Michigan curriculum guide delineates the goals and objectives for each of these elements. If the elements are to be translated into learning opportunities, the social studies program should exhibit these…

Written in the immediacy of the Vietnam period and its aftermath, these essays record, from the perspective of a college professor, the dramatic shifts of students from the active, even violent, style of protests for social justice of the sixties to the self-interested "protest of style" of the seventies, to the insecurity and career orientation…

Designed as a forum for issues pertinent to education at the two-year college level, this journal contains articles and dissertation abstracts by professionals at community colleges in New York. The articles are: (1) "Imagery, Visualizations, and Music: Implications for Learning Using the Right Hemisphere," by Shirley Aaronson; (2)…

This paper summarizes the findings of a questionnaire study comparing government aid to private schools in Australia and the United States. The study drew questions from those raised in a hearing of the Senate Committee on finance about tax credits for private schools. The paper covers the answers of ten Australian respondents, given in the form…

This booklet describes the history, rationale, and operations of Alvin Community College (ACC's) Developmental Education Program. Section I, first, outlines the college's commitment to the philosophy of developmental education; second, provides a history of developmental education at ACC, covering the adoption of an open-door policy, the…

Kensington School is an elementary school in Milford (Missouri) School District built in 1966 with open classrooms and designed for team teaching and other innovative practices. A visit 15 years later reveals that the physical plant has deteriorated somewhat, most classrooms are walled off from each other, and innovative structures are not now…

This guide contains units of study for use in K-2 social studies classes. Included in the introductory section is a statement concerning the Wichita school district's social studies philosophy; an overall scope and sequence of the elementary social studies curriculum; a scope and sequence for the guide; a listing of map, globe, and knowledge…

Since bilingual education became an official government mandate, there has been much controversy regarding its philosophy, objectives, procedures, and effectiveness. Some educators choose to view bilingual education as transitory, and other educators believe minority students should be given bilingual instruction throughout their public school…

Beginning with a brief critique of the behavioral science approach to educational administration, this paper traces the roots of an alternative perspective through examination of the new sociology of education and critical social theory. Arguing then for the location of a critical practice of educational administration in a cultural analysis of…

Teacher preparation programs that separate reflection from action encourage teachers to facilitate school norms and thus help schools function to reproduce social inequalities, while programs that link reflection and action encourage teachers to adopt a more critical role and thus help schools function to transform social inequalities.…