A METHOD OF TREATING READING DEFICITS BASED UPON AN EXTRINSIC MOTIVATIONAL SYSTEM PREVIOUSLY EMPLOYED SUCCESSFULLY WITH A SINGLE SUBJECT WAS EXTENDED TO 18 ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS. THE JUNIOR HIGH AGE SUBJECTS INCLUDED RETARDED CHILDREN IN SPECIAL CLASSES, SEVERAL EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED CHILDREN, AND CULTURALLY DEPRIVED CHILDREN. THE METHOD OF TRAINING…

Classroom process data indicate that teacher praise cannot be equated with reinforcement. Often it is not even intended as reinforcement, and when it is, it frequently has some other function. The meanings and functions of behaviors typically included under the category of teacher praise are determined by the degree of congruence between verbal…

The data base from an earlier incentive survey describing college psychology student preferences for incentives commonly offered by instructors to promote achievement in course work was extended to include undergraduate education majors. The 385 volunteer subjects rated ten incentives on 45 paired-comparison items and on a seven-point rating…

This paper describes the organization and implementation of 16 seminars on the subject of developing the potentials inherent in the individuals involved. The stated goals of this group project for teacher corps interns are: (1) identify and use personal strengths and potential in many areas; (2) understand achievement patterns and the way in which…

The role of the dietitian as a teacher of clients who must adhere to a special diet for health reasons is discussed. The objective of this education process is to achieve a complete understanding on the part of the client not only of what is allowed in the diet but also why it is desirable. The dietitian in the professional role as an educator…

This handbook is written for parents who want to reinforce a child's classroom learning by continuing the teaching process at home. Ten desirable teaching behaviors are described. Parents are encouraged to consider themselves as part of a team with their child's teacher. (JD)

This study examined the impact of letter grading on student attitudes toward composition in freshman English. One treatment group received letter grades on twelve compositions written during the course of the study and the other group received no letter grades. Both groups were treated identically in all other ways, including the use of positive…

The purpose of the present investigation is to assess social class and race differences in the use of reinforcement by mothers and children. The general hypotheses underlying this approach is the expectation of a functional similarity between social class and race effects on the use of reinforcements by mothers and children. The subjects were 109…

This study investigated the effects of availability of a familiar human attachment object (the mother) and familiar inanimate attachment object (the child's blanket) on a child's emotionality and learning of a discrimination task. A total of 64, 2- and 3-year-old children were assigned to groups (nonattached, mother-attached, or blanket-attached),…

This report describes an in-service teacher education program that was implemented in a school serving students of low socioeconomic status. The program was designed to increase student achievement by increasing teacher recognition and reinforcement of student behavior. In a 5-day workshop held before the start of the school year, the researchers…

The New Orleans model for parent-infant education involves the use of non-professional workers, trained by professional staff, who teach general concepts of child development and child management to groups of disadvantaged mothers. Two themes are stressed: the parent is now and will be the child's most important teacher, and all the baby's time is…

The comparative effectiveness of an aversive stimulus, withholding of resources, withdrawal of love and reasoning, when used alone and combined with praise, was assessed in the standard laboratory punishment paradigm using 120 first and second graders as subjects. Resistance to deviation was used as the measure of punishment effectiveness. Sex of…

The studies in section six (of a six part report on the assessment and treatment of deviant behavior in children)investigated questions generated by the application of the treatment model in the experimental class setting (EC 032 210). The first experiment, on attending behavior, was designed to measure the conditionability of attending behavior…

This study examines 1) the effects of teacher contingent and non-contingent (random) praise and/or attention on the classroom behavior of economically disadvantaged adolescents and 2) the effects of contingent praise on the non-target members of the classroom, and explores the length of time necessary to demonstrate significant changes in…

The objective of the report was to emphasize the importance of classroom contingencies on academic achievement. A study is reported where an introductory psychology class of 253 subjects was divided into four groups. Using a Latin Square design an intraclass analysis of the effects of test frequency (weekly vs monthly) and contingency grading…