Tables contain dollar amounts of fiscal 1990 actual spending and fiscal 1991 presidential request, House-approved, Senate-approved, and actual appropriations for scientific research, health research and training, student financial aid, graduate support, institutional assistance, bilingual education, library resources, aid to disadvantaged and…

A problem-based learning approach emphasizing problem solving and self-directed learning was designed for third-year students entering vision therapy clinic rotations. The approach's use in a clinical setting, student and faculty response, and preliminary conclusions about the approach's advantages and disadvantages are discussed. (Author/MSE)

Describes the life of workers and the political turmoil of the Depression years. Introduces "Industrial Image/Images Industrielles (1987)," a volume containing art depicting life during the 1930's. Examples of the artwork are included. (GG)

Examines the reorganization of teacher training in the USSR. Maintains that the teacher is the central figure in the educational system. Discusses the role of the teacher in modern societies, and assesses teacher education, including curriculum methods and educational theory. Considers the future role of teachers and teacher education. (RW)

Studies whether traditional drafting equipment (TRAD) or computer aided drafting equipment (CAD) is more effective. Proposes that students using only CAD can learn principles of drafting as well as students using only TRAD. Reports no significant difference either on achievement or attitude. (MVL)

The work-involvement plans of 173 women in traditional (nursing) and nontraditional (engineering and veterinary medicine) fields were found to be similar. Reviews the following approaches to the connection between work and gender: (1) occupational; (2) differential gender socialization; and (3) role conflict. Plans to pursue nontraditional…

Four myths are discussed: the United States is preeminent in science and engineering; the excellence of universities can compensate for weaknesses elsewhere in the educational system; diversity and an uncoordinated approach to federal funding is a source of strength; and the principal goal of basic research is to advance knowledge. (MLW)

Investigates factors contributing to difficulties faced by China's female college graduates seeking a job. Suggests publicizing the idea of women's liberation while increasing the training of women, correcting the expectations of the traditional role, eliminating the idea of child rearing as a personal matter, and protecting women in the course of…

Factors in the classroom that complement a well-designed optometry curriculum are discussed, including elements of the student-teacher relationship and the classroom environment, and guidelines are provided for evaluating the outcomes of instruction. (MSE)

Examines the construction of art knowledge and criticizes curriculum reform proposals that ignore constraints of the work place. Suggests that reform efforts should be defined locally and that teachers should be afforded the opportunity to develop their decision making abilities as a means of helping this local control. (KO)

Still hard at work, the Holmes Group is forming networks across the nation, framing a common discourse, and pursuing a new vision of teaching through school-university collaboration and professional development. (Author/TE)

Describes a program at Washtenaw Community College, Michigan, to upgrade the basic skills of women and minority students and provide the academic support needed for success in high technology occupational training programs. Examines the following program components: academic progress, counseling, peer support, financial aid, and advocacy. (DMM)

Reviews an ethnographic study of female students in full-time secretarial courses in a college of non-advanced further education (NAFE) in England. The study explores the role of schooling in the transmission and maintenance of social inequalities and finds that classroom life encourages student conformity. (AF)

The restructuring of the oral health sciences program at the University of Alberta (Canada), in response to drastically reduced funding, is described. Major objectives were to reduce program cost to the university and enhance the institution's scholarly/research profile. The model, used in other countries, separates clinical from academic costs.…

A national survey of 184 social work managers concerning the frequency of use and importance of 12 managerial competencies did not reveal significant differences between urban and rural respondents. Suggests that the demand for complex and managerial competencies and skills is universal among social work managers. Addresses implications for social…