The seven chapters of this final report provide a discussion of a study detailing the instructional situations within which students are learning to write. Data reported from the study include a national survey of teaching practices and many classroom observations in ninth and eleventh grade content area classrooms (English, mathematics, foreign…

The hypothesis to be tested postulated that cooperating teachers and university supervisors, as observers, affect the student teacher's verbal behavior differently. Data were collected on fifteen elementary education student teachers by the use of a tape recorder during the second, fourth, and sixth weeks of the school year and under the following…

Many scientists are currently studying the manner in which individuals process social information. The reconstruction of attitudinal and subsequent behavioral information was studied to determine whether information about a person's schema can influence the interpretation of that person's subsequent behavior or whether the behavior itself is more…

The present study focuses on two major questions. First, how often are potentially reinforcing behaviors emitted by teachers in naturally occurring classrooms? Second, what is the relationship between the display of potentially reinforcing behaviors by the teacher and the task-orientation of randomly selected students in the classrooms. Students…

A phenomenological approach to library research utilizing qualitative research methods is contrasted to a positivist-behaviorist approach utilizing quantitative methods. Psychological understanding of a situation attained by means of accurate description, and subjectivity and associated intentionality are presented as part of the phenomenological…

This syllabus outlines the structure, objectives, and lesson plans for Child Development 101, a twelve-week course on child study and observation offered at Chaffey Community College. A statement of the educational philosophy upon which the course was developed precedes a list of course objectives, competencies, and the grading system. The bulk of…

The report presents results of the first year of a Minneapolis Project, RIM (Reducing Isolation in the Mainstream), whose goals are: to expand and refine knowledge of the variables critical to personal and social growth of sensorially handicapped children in the mainstream, and to use this knowledge to provide appropriate support services for the…

Artistic evaluation is a subjective process which focuses on the aesthetic qualities of an educational experience, rather than the more traditionally focus on the measurement of the outcomes of preestablished goals. It uses literary symbols, such as metaphor, voice, plot, and theme, to describe classroom settings, and to portray the personal…

In the academic year 1957-1958, San Jose State College used closed-circuit instructional television for direct teaching and for teacher education courses involving observation of primary and secondary school classrooms in the area. Direct teaching by television was used for demonstrations in two engineering courses, for teaching presentations in…

To investigate the use of measures of belief and systematic observations of classroom behavior to increase consistency between beliefs and teaching practices, 3 questions were posed: (1) Will teachers develop a more consistent body of beliefs when given empirical evidence of their logical inconsistency? (2) Will such teachers come to behave more…

A n experiment explored possible personality differences between sociometric techniques following small group discussions. Such differences could predict emergence of leadership behavior in initially leaderless discussion groups. Participating in assigned groups of four or five were 269 Master of Business Administration students and 65 business…

The paper describes a systematic observation instrument designed to describe settings in which young children and adults interact. The Early Childhood Setting Observation Instrument (ECSOI) provides a comprehensive matrix of categories useful in describing and analyzing adult-child interactions. Adult behavior categories included in the matrix…

The purpose of this study was to describe the time-in versus time-out behaviors of successful classroom teachers during reading instruction. Twenty-four primary teachers whose students had averaged 1.27 academic years of growth in reading per eight months instruction were selected. Each teacher was observed and her behaviors recorded on the Time…

The purpose of this study was to compare the behavior of family members at home as recorded by audio tape recordings in two conditions--with an observer present or absent. Behavioral differences were expected as a function of differential reactivity to these observational procedures. The results revealed no behavioral differences between…

The study provided teachers with systematic opportunities to: (1) be videotaped in their classrooms; (2) privately view their tapes and receive verbal and written critiques of their positive classroom behaviors; (3) share exemplary segments of their tapes in regularly scheduled teacher inservice group meetings; and (4) view and critique, in the…