Provides recommendations that may be useful to administrators and directors of programs that require more and more truly exceptional skills and experiences on the part of instructors and trip leaders if the programs are to be conducted safely and effectively. (Author/IRT)

Based on a review of neighborhood and institutional studies, four propositions are constructed regarding the conditions needed for viability of urban neighborhoods. Attention is focused on shared social networks and formal organizations. (Author/RLV)

Results of this study indicate that varying the level of group expectations does not significantly affect self-actualization but does affect the self-esteem of group members and leaders. (Author/BEF)

Explores a principal's response to a new teacher who seems promising but is not teaching very well. (RH)

The American Vocational Association (AVA) has not yet "maximized" its support of student organizations, according to Victor Van Hook and officials from six student organizations who spoke to the second general session of the AVA convention. Despite their recognized value in activating students, vocational youth groups are reaching only a…

Examined the linkage between experiential educational programs that emphasize civic engagement and the activities of local governmental and nonprofit organizations. While leaders of governments and organizations have only irregular contacts with higher education programs that might encourage civic engagement, and leaders perceive a diverse range…

Asserts that recent riots in British cities are indicators of the failure of Western community development to engage ethnic minority communities. Questions the effectiveness of efforts based on inadequate understanding of communities and cultures. Suggests that rioting may be a means of seeking decision-making voice among disempowered communities.…

Report of a study on special-education leaders. Addresses the future demand for educational leaders in special education, the perception of quality and quantity of leaders available, what attracts and keeps administrators in leadership positions, and what factors discourage or deter candidates. (Contains 3 tables and 15 references.) (WFA)

Essay on school reform argues that quality teachers are key to successful reform, not reform rhetoric by state governors and U.S. Presidents. Asserts that primary mission of schooling is to provide students an educational apprenticeship in democracy. Qualified, caring, competent teachers are essential to accomplish this mission. (PKP)

Biographies of 177 American nursing leaders who were born before 1890 r deceased by 1988 were analyzed to identify commonalities in their backgrounds. Similarities in background characteristics were found when they were compared with achievers of Renaissance Italy, eighteenth-century Scotland, and nineteenth-century German Jews. (Author/MLW)

Colleges and universities are generating state funding by forming or joining grassroots coalitions. Such coalitions are essential for creating the broad understanding and support necessary to achieve difficult objectives, such as raising taxes. (MLW)

If Nietzsche's definition of truth means anything, it means that changes in what we do and in the way we think follow changes in the way we talk. All who aspire to positions of leadership must recognize the potentially enormous influence of inspiring redescriptions of the advancement of higher education. (MLW)

Constituents, seen as only average information sources, are the primary influence on both state and federal legislators. If principals worked with superintendents (as community leaders) and school board members (as highly regarded local officials), educator teams could significantly shape state and national educational policy. (MLH)

Identifies valued qualities and behaviors of Indian leaders through a literature review and unstructured interviews with three British Columbian tribal elders. Develops a model of Native leadership emphasizing connection to the people, wisdom, humility, personal integrity, service orientation, and the facilitator role. Contains 22 references. (SV)

Interviews with two Oklahoma educators involved in community education for Native Americans stress the importance of developing community leaders, understanding cultural differences, preserving cultural heritage, and co-existing with mainstream culture. (SK)