General education intermediate students in three Pacific Northwest school districts are expected to learn and meet state standards while sharing their classroom and learning environments with emotional and behavioral disorder (EBD) students. EBD students have the potential to create barriers to learning by disrupting the classroom environment,…

A large body of research has reported a positive relation between participation in extracurricular activities (ECA) and improved academic performance, social competence, and school engagement. This study explored the relation between ECA, social competence, and school engagement for students with and at risk of emotional and behavioral disorders…

Educational laws and policies such as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, free and appropriate public education, and least restrictive environment regulate inclusion in the general education classroom. The problem addressed in the study was the high demands placed on elementary teachers with the increase in students with emotional…

Background: There is a growing emphasis of evidence-based program requirements being integrated into social welfare policies for youth care services in the U.S. This trend highlights the need for increased practitioner understanding and involvement in the research process to develop and implement evidence-based programs for youth with emotional…

Goal setting is a research-informed intervention that has demonstrated improved behavioral outcomes for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. However, not all students will respond to goal-setting interventions delivered in a standard format, requiring planning, implementation, and ongoing evaluation of more intensive goal-setting…

The topic of focus in this study was the implementation of Positive Behavior Intervention and Supports (PBIS) with fidelity. The problem addressed was that PBIS strategies were not being consistently and effectively implemented for students diagnosed with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders. The purpose of this descriptive, qualitative study was to…

Autistic people are more likely to be transgender, which means having a gender identity different to one's sex assigned at birth. Some transgender people experience distress about this incongruence or gender dysphoria. Few studies have aimed to understand the inner experiences of this group. In this study, we used Interpretive Phenomenological…

Consistent evidence indicates the importance of teachers of color for experiences and outcomes of students of color. Fortunately, extant studies consistently indicate special education teachers (SETs) teaching students with EBD are more likely to be people of color than other SETs. These SETs require supportive working conditions, but, to our…

Ensuring the provision of a free, appropriate public education (FAPE) to students qualified for services under the disability category of emotional disturbance (ED) has been both challenging and controversial. Examining this population in light of the five characteristics listed in the federal definition may provide useful insights to address…

This study examined the internal structure of the Scales for Assessing Emotional Disturbance-3 Rating Scale (RS), a teacher-completed RS developed to measure emotional disturbance (ED). As defined in U.S. law and regulations, ED involves five characteristics or patterns of behavioral and emotional maladaptation. RS data obtained on a sample of…

Observation research can shed light on the degree to which students have access to research-based instruction and intervention. In this systematic review of reading observation research for students with and at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders, we sought to identify trends in the settings and student populations investigated and…

Using a nationally representative sample of U.S. public school districts, we explored the current landscape of social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) approaches and their impact on behavioral outcomes. Data suggest SEB screening is the exception rather than the rule, with most districts reporting that students are referred to an internal support…

The present study investigated evidence of the construct validity of scores from the Scales for Assessing Emotional Disturbance Rating Scale (SAED-3 RS), which is designed to help identify emotional disturbance (ED) as defined by U.S. law and regulations. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the degree to which SAED-3 RS scores differed…

Learning strategies can be powerful learning tools. Some studies show that even primary school students use them. However, hardly any studies have investigated the use of learning strategies of students with special needs, especially for those with emotional and behavioural disorders, in primary schools. Thus, in the present study we examined…

Heterogeneous findings on the prevalence of emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) have been reported in Middle Eastern countries. Moreover, the prevalence of EBD among adolescents in Qatar is unknown, making it difficult to implement the necessary educational or psychosocial programs. This study used a cross-sectional methodology to assess…