Examines the treatment of Blacks and females in juvenile reformatories from 1825-1900 through a review of reformatory annual reports. Data revealed White males were trained as artisans or farmers, while Black males were denied admission or trained as manual laborers. Females were trained as wives or domestics. (JAC)

Physical educators and correctional administrators need to reassess the types of programs and facilities needed that will be advantageous to the inmate while modifying the program to complement the goals of the correctional institution. (JOW)

Analyzed the process of granting work release. Administrative data on a 10 percent random sample of incarcerated males provided the basis for a path analysis. High custody grade was found to have a very strong direct path with granting of work releases. Other variables had weaker paths. (Author)

In court litigation in which women prison guards' claim of pay discrimination was rejected at the local level, the Supreme Court ruled that the case could be debated based on workers'"comparable worth" instead of "equal work," the traditional argument. Further litigation on the comparable worth issue is anticipated. (MSE)

Pedagogical strategies for college humanities courses in prison are discussed and patterns of failure and of success are outlined. The pattern of failure ignores the difference between on-campus and incarcerated audiences, while the successful pattern blends hard learning with exposure to university-related cultural activities. (Author/MLW)

A factor analytic study of the behavioral and demographic variables that describe male and female juvenile offenders in a southern correctional facility identified 10 factors for females and six for males. Items clustered much as anticipated for both groups, with family conflicts and individual neurotic traits forming clusters. (Author)

Cynicism of prison guards was examined as an outcome of interaction with others in the institution. Findings indicate that as a prison guard's work relations with inmates, fellow officers, and administrators deteriorate, his level of cynicism increases. (Author)

The General Accounting Office studied the Texas correctional educational system and identified the following strengths: (1) the prison-school district concept, (2) inmates help design the curriculum, and (3) apprenticeship training agreements. (LRA)

Studies patterns of dress, play, behavior and gestures of male prisoners and contends that these nonverbal cues constitute a vital prison communication channel. (MH)

Attempts to reevaluate Beall and Panton's MMPI escape scale on what presumably would be a more appropriate escapee sample than that used in previous studies. This would help to determine whether a revision of this escape scale should be undertaken. (Author/RK)

If correctional evaluation research is to contribute to the accumulation of practical knowledge, it should be designed to test abstract behavioral science principles that explain why a particular type of program should change the future conduct of a specific category of clientele. (Author)

Argues that process evaluation is needed to validate prison-based substance abuse treatment effectiveness. Five groups--inmates, treatment staff, prison staff, prison administration, and the parole board--should be a part of this process evaluation. Discusses these five groups relative to three stages of development of substance abuse treatment in…

Applies Travis Hirschi's bonding theory to a severely delinquent population of 168 youth detained at a juvenile detention center. Findings indicate that bonding with peers correlates with attachment to family. As youths commit more crimes, attachment to parents increases. Results suggest that youth appeared to identify with a delinquent…

Describes the development of a community forensic psychology service during its first 10 years of service. Service emphasizes cooperation among psychologists, probation officers, and others in establishing alternatives to custody for sex offenders, shoplifters, drug and alcohol abusers, and young criminals. Discusses theoretical orientation of the…

A study of resiliency was conducted among 236 urban juvenile detainees. Findings reveal that resiliency processes related differently to risk and protective factors, differed among ethnic groups, and varied by age and gender among juvenile detainees. (Contains 48 references and 4 tables.) (Author)