This paper discusses the development of structuralism in psychology, linguistics, mathematics, philosophy, anthropology, and sociology by citing theories supported by thinkers in all these fields. The contrast between structure (schema, pattern, gestalt) and function (activity, interaction, transformation) is used as the point of departure for the…

This conference, attended by 21 teacher educators, supervisors, and people working with elementary children in the classroom, consisted of three meetings during the 1969-70 academic year. This report deals with the nature of industrial arts in the elementary school, different approaches and requirements for implementation, and some ways of meeting…

Among the explorations undertaken in the course of establishing the National Institute of Education (NIE) by the NIE Planning Unit was a set of eleven conferences of experts on educational problems, methods, and content. Three of these conferences focused on the contributions that anthropology, psychology, and sociology might make to the…

This volume contains reactions to the career education concept as proposed by the U.S. Office of Education from a panel of 23 educators, practitioners, businessmen, and students representing such disciplines as anthropology, law, political science, sociology, mathematics, vocational education, psychology, philosophy, and counseling. The Foreword…

Education should help people learn to use past experiences as a basis for acquiring new meanings, which frees individuals from what restricts and what enslaves. However, the curriculum has become a program for social purposes and the school an instrument of social control when, in reality, what is needed is persuasion (not coercion) and discussion…

Career may be defined as a course of continued progress in the life of a person. Since in the recent history of mankind, one's life has been largely defined by the work that one does, vocation or occupation has become the colloquial connotation for career. In the social order which is emerging, work may no longer be central, but may give way to…

This article discusses the importance of continuing education for teachers and various aspects of the problem which should be considered. The role and function of the teacher is discussed; continuing education must assist in developing the teacher's ability to fulfill that role. The ever-changing demands on the teacher mean that the teacher's…

This seminar on the use of audiovisual aids reached several conclusions on the need for and the use of such aids in Latin America. The need for educational innovation in the face of a new society, a new type of communication, and a new vision of man is stressed. A new definition of teaching and learning as a fundamental process of communication is…

Factors which influence the acquisition of a second language within the framework of the British educational system are examined in this study. An ongoing, 10-year, language experiment (1964-74) involving 18,000 students ranging in age from 8 to 13, concentrates on determining the desirability and practicability of starting modern language…

This paper describes the personalized instruction program for economic education at Empire State College, Saratoga Springs, New York. Personalized instruction is defined as relating subject content to the personal background, interests, needs, and abilities of the student. Students proceed at their own pace, use materials suitable to their…

This bibliography contains 100 English-language annotations of newspaper articles and government publications from four North African nations. All of the items were published July-September 1974. Annotations are categorized by topic: philosophy and theory of education, educational level, special adult education, teacher training, teaching methods…

Four theoretical approaches to moral/citizenship education are described and compared. Positive and negative aspects of the cognitive-decision, developmental, prosocial, and values approaches are discussed and ways of relating the four approaches to each other are suggested. The first approach, cognitive-decision, is distinctive for its…

Interviews with eight faculty members from diverse disciplines who are seriously attempting to integrate writing into their undergraduate courses revealed their attitudes about the importance of student writing, instructional purposes, assignments, class time devoted to writing-related activities, institutional rewards for these efforts, and the…

Humanities courses in the discussion format can clarify existential problems of the human condition that face students. The craft of teaching lies in assisting the learner out of ignorance into an increased awareness of what it means to be humanly alive. The teacher as catalyst is described. (MLW)

Philosophy and practice in gifted education are reviewed, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive planning policy which takes into account the total experience of the gifted student and the need for a differentiated curriculum. Gifted education should include basic skills, general curriculum, talent development, and interpersonal relationships…