This study tested the hypthesis that the reading gains of compensatory education pupils in grades one and four exposed to intensive test wiseness instruction would not differ significantly from the reading gains in a randomly assigned control group. Schools offering ESEA Title I classes (N=48) were randomly assigned to the treatment and control…

This report presents the summative evaluation of four components of Boston's Title I project (1976-77). Areas in which three of the programs, the Elementary Reading and Math Program, the Middle School Reading Program, and the National Institute of Education (NIE) Demonstration Project (reading), were particularly successful were administration and…

To determine if able and disabled college student readers can be distinguished by their awareness and use of metacognitive and cognitive strategies, 36 freshmen students enrolled in a reading and study skills class were classified as either good or poor readers based on their Nelson-Denny Reading Test scores. After reading five short passages and…

The purpose of this study was to develop, validate, and describe indicators of educational disadvantage to be used in Australia to identify schools and students most in need of assistance from the Disadvantaged Schools Program. Initially, a detailed review was prepared of the resource allocation responses which have been made in Australia to the…

Analyses of recent Census data reveal that factors most highly associated with poverty are female-headed families, large family size, minority group status, age, unemployment and underemployment, region of residence, poor physical and mental health, little education, lack of income from sources other than wages. (Author)

This paper discusses issues pertaining to at-risk students at the primary level, suggesting what can be done to keep pupils in formal schooling with an optimal achievement level. Topics discussed include: (1) probable at-risk primary pupils; (2) the domestic and societal causes of high risk in primary pupils; (3) approaches to guiding pupil…

For developing nations, education can equalize opportunities, especially for the deprived and disadvantaged, and therefore must be delivered with efficiency and quality. Conventional ways of spreading education are proving to be inadequate in the face of rapidly expanding populations. There is a marked need to supplement formal schooling with…

This annual report of the Carnegie Foundation sets forth the goals the foundation has established for the improvement of education: (1) an urgent call to national action in school reform; (2) a commitment to the disadvantaged; (3) a crusade to strengthen teaching; (4) state standards, with leadership at the local school; (5) a quality curriculum;…

Student attrition is a major problem for American colleges and universities because an increasing number of enrollees fit the demographic and socioeconomic profile of "high-risk" students, who consist in general of minorities, the academically disadvantaged, the disabled, and those of low socioeconomic status. Declining enrollments leave…

These recommendations for school boards to solve the problems of at-risk youth accompany a report that provides background on the problem, discusses policy implications, and provides examples of strategies for helping at-risk students. The following recommendations are suggested: (1) awaken communities to the danger of ignoring the needs of…

This report describes 11 effective compensatory education programs in Oregon schools funded under Chapter 1 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act. One high school, four middle school, and six elementary school programs are profiled. Each profile includes the following information: (1) demographics; (2) staffing; (3) parent…

The FUTURES program was developed by the Ontario (Canada) Ministry of Skills Development in order to better prepare severely disadvantaged and disabled youth in terms of both academic and job-readiness training. This study sought to construct a portrait of FUTURES students which would contain data readily translatable to counseling and…

This General Accounting Office (GAO) report provides information on school officials' selection of students for the chapter 1 program of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981. The following was determined: (1) how chapter 1 children were selected; (2) whether they met Federal, State, and local selection requirements; and (3) how…

The Australian education system is denying equity and social justice to ethnic minorities and women. This paper examines the development of Australia's educational policy for those two groups. It argues that the educational disadvantages they have experienced have been enhanced by the marginalization of the issues. Policies such as multicultural…

Persistence and graduation rates of University of California, Davis, special action students admitted in any fall quarter from 1975 to 1985 were studied. Special action students show academic potential but do not meet admission requirements of completed course work and academic achievement. The number of special action students during this 10-year…