Year-round education, a widely misunderstood concept, offers both financial and educational advantages to school districts. Not only does a year-round education schedule allow a school to educate 20 to 50 percent more students in the same amount of space, it reduces the amount of time spent in review by offering continuous learning with more…

In September 1984, the Chinese government asked the Economic Development Institute of the World Bank to assist the officials of the Chinese Ministry of Education in thinking through some policy options for examinations and standardized testing. This document summarizes the descriptions of testing programs and advice provided to these Chinese…

This paper summarizes issues and perspectives that form the basis of current educational debate. The paper contends that early in the 21st century, Hispanics and other minorities will constitute the majority of the work force in major markets across the nation. The lack of preparedness of over half the potential pool of minority workers will have…

Teaching and learning strategies are the subject of this document, one of 9 modules in an 11-unit resource pack designed to help trainers and postsecondary and continuing education staff meet the needs of special needs students in Great Britain. Having completed the module, staff should be able to: (1) recognize the value of activity and variety…

Designing and adapting learning materials are the subjects of this document, one of 9 modules in an 11-unit resource pack designed to help trainers and postsecondary and continuing education staff meet the needs of special needs students in Great Britain. Having completed the module, staff should be able to: (1) state what learning materials are;…

The most important issue of the 1990s is developing visionary leaders who can transform industrial era establishments into "learning communities of the future." Educational reform in the 1950s focused on mathematics and science, and the education reform movements of the early 1980s broadened the spectrum across the curriculum at all levels and for…

A shortage of certified and qualified science and mathematics teachers is one of the most visible and critical problems faced by our nation's schools. Because of the various approaches taken by different groups and agencies to solve the problem, the Improvement of Science and Mathematics Team (ISME) of the National Institute of Education (NIE) was…

Beginning in 1983, three educational reforms were undertaken in Pennsylvania to revise high school graduation requirements, test for remedial needs, and set higher standards for teachers and administrators. Revision of graduation requirements involved state and local education officials, professional organizations, and the state legislature. New…

One of the seven correlates of an effective school, as identified by the Effective Schools Research, is a positive school climate: a positive attitude on the part of the entire staff and student body exhibited through overt behavior that creates a warm, orderly learning environment. Development of such an environment depends upon: (1) strong…

This document includes four papers presented at a symposium, based on a synthesis of five years of research--on the interaction of role groups and factors in the change process that are critical for school improvement in elementary and secondary schools. The papers identify elements of the change process crucial for the success of proposed changes…

Prompted by the national educational reform movement, a Kentucky committee, mandated by the general assembly, called in 1983 for changes in the preparation and certification of school administrators. This study presents a background of the mandates, details of the certification changes, the board of education's study of administrative preparation…

As schools primarily use human resources to accomplish their mission of developing the potential of students, their success is contingent upon the quality of the people employed by the schools. Thus, the selection and development of professionals within the schools is the most important responsibility of the school board and superintendent. The…

An American Chemical Society (ACS) task force was charged to examine the state of chemistry education in the United States and to make recommendations in light of its findings. This document presents the task force's report and 39 major (and also secondary) recommendations. These recommendations, with accompanying discussions, focus on: (1)…

A group of three conference papers, all describing successful methods of preparing students for succeeding at the postsecondary level, is presented in this document. The first paper, "Educational Pathways that Promote Student Success at the Postsecondary Level" (Lester W. Jones), discusses a program established at Xavier University--a…

During 1985-86 the Division of Special Education of the New York Board of Education operated a Chapter 1/P.S.E.N. Remedial Reading and Mathematics Program which served approximately 11,500 English-speaking and limited English Proficient (LEP) students. Of these, 9,627 received reading instruction alone, and 119 received remedial instruction in…