The focus of education is increasingly on learners' ability to regulate their own learning within technology-enhanced learning environments. Prior research has shown that self-regulated learning (SRL) leads to better learning performance. However, many learners struggle to productively self-regulate their learning, as they typically need to…

In various technology-enhanced learning (TEL) environments, knowledge co-creation progresses through multimodal interactions that integrate verbal and nonverbal modalities, such as speech and gestures. This study investigated two distinct analytical approaches for analyzing multimodal interactions--triangulating and interleaving--by applying them…

This paper demonstrates that recurrent difficulties students encounter in learning subject-matter knowledge can be traced, in part, to assumptions about how students best learn knowledge that significantly shape instructional approaches. First, I review the significant influence of empiricist epistemological assumptions on education, covering…

Recursive hierarchical embedding allows humans to generate multiple hierarchical levels using simple rules. We can acquire recursion from exposure to linguistic and visual examples, but only develop the ability to understand "multiple-level" structures like "[[second] red] ball]" after mastering "same-level"…

This book traces the motivational dynamics embedded within lifelong foreign language learning trajectories, examining the factors which generate and sustain motivation throughout a learner's life. Embracing a complexity approach, it views motivation as a long-term individual process that evolves along a narrative continuum, developing over the…

Background: Given the increased emphasis on active learning in psychology, it is important to use data to enhance these experiences. In learning courses, both live animals and virtual training laboratories have been found to enhance learning, but less research has examined student preferences. Generally, live rats are preferred, but students may…

How can Latin American students learn more effectively how different governments address similar public problems? This region shares similarities in terms of culture and history. However, Latin American students study only their public policies and public administration based on the notion that each administrative system has its own…

Blended learning strategies that employ online resources and face-to-face classes are widely utilised within higher education. Although research suggests that online learning resources can enhance engagement and improve student outcomes, debate continues regarding how best to design the online component of a blended learning strategy. This study…

Second language (L2) motivation has long been regarded as one of the requisites for and predictors of success in L2 learning. The scholarship on L2 motivation has grown steadily over the past 60 years, yielding several theories through a range of methods. Building upon this tradition, this paper proposes a methodological contribution to the…

Mobile learning (M-Learning) allows chemistry students to access educational resources anytime, anywhere, aiding in problem-solving and critical thinking skills. However, it is necessary to identify the components and objectives of M-Learning that have specific usage in chemistry education. Despite the global focus on e-learning, there is…

The present study explores the impact of different levels of competition involved in gamified learning on adult e-learners' intrinsic motivation, learning engagement, and language learning performance. One hundred and twenty participants were evenly and randomly assigned to two groups. A gamified learning procedure with a higher level of…

Inquiry-based learning (IBL) represents a dynamic pedagogical approach in science education, driven by a foundation of deep theoretical constructs. This paper meticulously examines the cornerstone theoretical underpinnings of IBL, centering on constructivism, situated cognition, and cognitive load theories. Constructivism, epitomized by Piaget's…

This article describes the circumstances, process, and decisions which led to Purdue University's definition of experiential education. The motivation for creating the definition came from a realization that though experiential education was a common practice at the university, it was not visible to nor well understood by university…

Dewey argued long ago that to learn something one has to undergo some experience. In a classroom, teachers have a range of tools to engage, entice, or threaten students to engage in activities that are designed, in one way or another, as experiences that will lead them to learn something. In schools, teachers have institutional power and grades to…

In the field of education, the think-aloud protocol is commonly used to encourage learners to articulate their thoughts during the learning process, providing observers with valuable insights into learners' cognitive processes beyond the final learning outcomes. However, the implementation of think-aloud protocols faces challenges such as task…