This technical report provides detailed information about the sample, survey instruments, and resultant data for the 2024 American Instructional Resources Surveys (AIRS) that were administered to principals and teachers in spring 2024 via RAND's American Educator Panels (AEP). The 2024 AIRS focused on the usage of, perceptions of, and supports for…

School leadership research literature has a large number of widely used constructs. Could fewer constructs bring more clarity? This study evaluates construct content validity, defined as the extent to which a measure's items reflect a theoretical content domain, in school leadership literature. To do so, we reviewed 29 articles that used Teaching…

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are now a popular tool to inform causal inferences. We discuss how DAGs can also be used to encode theoretical assumptions about nonprobability samples and survey nonresponse and to determine whether population quantities including conditional distributions and regressions can be identified. We describe sources of…

The National Student Survey (NSS), introduced in 2005, provides an opportunity to comprehensively gather feedback from UK undergraduate students. Given the survey results feed into league tables and how the Office for Students regulates universities, the survey is generally taken seriously by higher education institutions. This article provides a…

The Maryland School Survey (MSS) draws upon items from several existing surveys. The content is closely connected across two types of respondents: instructional staff and students. Separate results from these respondents will allow policymakers and educators to identify schools that have a disconnect between instructional staff perceptions and…

There are over one million school-age children in Missouri, and we estimate 61,000 (6% of all school-age children) are homeschooled. Missouri is one of 29 states that does not require homeschooling to be reported. Using methods that can be replicated elsewhere with publicly available data, we test three approaches to estimating homeschool…

The purpose of this study is to review the literature on the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) for the past 10 years to identify multiple paths through which school leadership exerted influences on school organizations and organizational outcomes. Our analysis of a network, consisting of 83 nodes (variables) and 242 variable ties…

The objective of our project was to develop a smartphone app for administering shorter ("modular") surveys. Given the paucity of research on this topic, we decided to use "co-design" techniques to generate design solutions. To implement these techniques, we recruited respondents in the survey target population to work in small…

The National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) project team was pivotal in creating a framework and gathering data on high-impact practices (HIPs) to enhance student engagement in learning nationwide. Student engagement in HIPs is a vital institutional performance metric closely linked to strategic objectives and state-level funding. To maximize…

A number of previous studies have shown that the direction of rating scales may affect the distribution of responses. There is also considerable evidence that the cognitive process of answering a survey question differ by survey mode, which suggests that scale direction effects may interact with mode effects. The aim of this study was to explore…

This paper aims to showcase the value of implementing a Bayesian framework to analyze and report results from international large-scale assessments and provide guidance to users who want to analyse ILSA data using this approach. The motivation for this paper stems from the recognition that Bayesian statistical inference is fast becoming a popular…

This study explores dissatisfaction and neutrality metrics from 12 years of a national-level undergraduate student survey. The notion of dissatisfaction is much less prevalent in the narratives surrounding student survey outcomes, and the underpinning metrics are seldom considered. This is despite an increasingly vociferous debate about…

Background: School Health Profiles assesses school health policies and practices among US secondary schools. Methods: The 2020 School Health Profiles principal and teacher questionnaires were used for a test-retest reliability study. Cohen's kappa coefficients tested the agreement in dichotomous responses to each questionnaire variable at 2 time…

This qualitative study is an attempt to collect data describing college students' descriptions of significant learning experiences during college. The data collected comes from two separate samples across four years. Through open-ended comments provided at the end of the National Survey of Student Engagement and thematic analysis, interesting…

Most previous studies have focused on the importance of teacher-student relationships for student development. However, the mechanisms and boundary conditions through which teacher-student relationships, as the most important interpersonal relationships of teachers in schools, influence teachers' innovative teaching remain unclear. Therefore,…