Provides an overview of the theoretical and technical components of covert positive reinforcement and reviews the experimental literature to ascertain the efficacy of CPR and to evaluate the operant basis for the technique. The empirical evidence confirmed the effectiveness of CPR in modifying analogue and clinical target behaviors, but challenged…

The purpose of this study was to assess beliefs about and needs of the senior citizen population as expressed by people aged 65 or older and as expressed by people aged 22 to 40. The focus group interview process is described. Findings are discussed, and further research directions are suggested. (MT)

Issues related to technological literacy that warrant investigation by vocational education researchers are presented. The lack of agreement regarding what constitutes technological literacy is discussed, along with several assumptions about technology. General questions for investigation are presented for consideration. (Author)

The author argues that because vocational students are similar to artists in their creative patterns, they will benefit from the artistic skills of developing style, appreciating and critiquing surroundings, producing pleasing work, and creating social contribution. Research applying skills to vocational needs and teaching methods structuring…

Examines the limitations of career decision-making models from a theory-in-action perspective (Argyris, 1976). Discusses research implications. (Author)

Describes how evaluative studies of social and educational programs can be useful in (1) providing data about Black girls and their needs, (2) examining Black girls' experiences that have not been explored in basic research, and (3) tying data to matters of future practice. (KH)

Proposes a sex equity research agenda for each of the divisions of the American Educational Research Association. Identifies epistemological equality, concepts and definitions of sex equity, and methodology as fundamental concerns. Suggests activities intended to advance a dialogue that will assist in defining the research area of sex equity. (KH)

Reviews conceptual and methodological advances in understanding attributional processes in intimate relationships. Studies are organized according to their focus on general versus specific components of attribution making, and their use of distressed versus nondistressed samples. Results offer strong evidence of the importance of attributional…

Reports on the International Research Seminar held at the University of London Institute of Education in July 1985. Topics include how economics instruction impacts students' attitudes and values, notions of economic literacy, curriculum reform, and teacher training. (JDH)

The work setting offers the health educator a unique opportunity for research. This article discusses advantages and disadvantages associated with health education research in the workplace and suggests ways the research efforts in this setting can be optimized. (DF)

Identifies seven types of summaries, gives a brief history of each type, reviews the kinds of organizations using each, and comments on the potential continuing role for each. (FL)

Considers conceptual and theoretical issues involved in an action-oriented developmental perspective, arguing that actions are interpretation constructs. Multiple roots of active theory in psychology are summarized, and some ways that an action orientation might contribute to psychological thinking about aging and developments are discussed.(RH)

Androcentrism, the practice of viewing the world and shaping reality from a male perspective, has created biases in organizational behavior theory that have led to imprecise, inaccurate, and imbalanced scholarship. This article analyzes gender bias in theories and studies in organizational behavior and discusses implications of the findings. (PGD)

Selected findings from research on teacher clarity are highlighted. Implications are projected for teacher education programming and for faculty instructional practices. Issues needing further research are identified. (Author/CB)

Describes differences between research and practice of experiential education evaluation, noting that differences arise when evaluation is undertaken by and for persons outside the field. Notes five types of research strategies necessary to build a stronger research base in experiential education. (SB)