Explores the possibility of postmodernism as an alternative theoretical approach to public relations. Examines modernist public relations as a hegemonic practice that interpolates practitioners into the system to legitimize the perspectives and actions of corporate managers as objective knowledge. Concludes with suggestions for a postmodern…

In this paper, originally published in 1959, the author, at the time executive director of the National Association for Retarded Children, offers his thoughts on applied social science research in mental retardation. The editor's introduction notes that Dybwad sets forth a research agenda which was extremely forward looking in 1959 and remains…

Reviews the medical literature on the health status of migrant farmworkers. Finds adequate coverage of dental health, nutrition, and childhood health, as well as several disease categories. Finds that more research is needed on population estimates, basic health status indicators, and the prevalence rates of the most common causes of death. (FMW)

This paper discusses deaf readers' acquisition of word meanings from context. It describes what is involved in deriving word meanings from context; identifies issues relevant for deaf learners; isolates factors that make an impact on the learning-from-context process (task factors, reader factors, text factors, and word features), and identifies…

The original authors (EC 232 976) respond to reactions (EC 232 977-980) concerning their proposals regarding nonaversive behavior management. Noted is the optimistic support for people with severe problem behaviors and the expansion of variables considered when building a support plan. Stressed is the need for nonaversive support technology based…

Issues associated with evaluation of principals are discussed, including the state of the art, literature reviews, instruments and methods, guidelines and textbooks, surveys of practices, research and evaluation studies, and standards. The need for a database from which sound decisions about various methods/techniques may be made is highlighted.…

Provides update on what is currently known about neurobehavioral correlates of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-Type 1 (HIV-1), causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Discusses methodological and theoretical issues complicating interpretation of existing data and suggests strategies for future research in this area. (NB)

Surveyed 1985-87 psychotherapy outcome literature to investigate extent of specific points of information in journal reports. Results partially support complaint that pertinent information is not routinely available. No content area addressed found consistent representation. Noticeable deficiencies were tabulated for patient demographics, disorder…

Criticism of the theory that massed practice depresses performance as well as learning asserts that any generalization based on some limited amount of admissible evidence will provide an incomplete description of the psychological processes underlying skill learning. (JD)

Data from a national sample of adults on the sociodemographic variables associated with physical activity behavior found the association between education, income, and physical activity behavior to be weak. Research is needed on the role the education system plays in the activity status of the nation. (JD)

Presents second part of two-part series reviewing the published literature of smokeless tobacco in the United States. Explores smokeless tobacco as a pharmacologically addicting substance, discusses educational interventions designed to prevent use or help users quit, and outlines areas of future research. (Author)

Argues that the question of whether information representation and processing are domain-general or domain-specific is neither meaningful nor answerable. Researchers should be asking questions about ways in which representation and processing are domain-general and ways in which they are domain-specific. (RH)

Discusses the following points about the immigration multiplier: (1) analyses portray policy alternatives as mechanisms operating upon exogenously-determined demand for immigrant slots; (2) immigration policy in the U.S. and elsewhere has resulted in unintended consequences; and (3) the immigration multiplier is exaggerated if the theoretical…

Reviews articles (N=481) published in Journal of College Student Development during 1981-1987 to obtain information about research instruments, constructs measured, and participants who completed instruments. Concludes that steps should be taken to encourage development of research instruments, seven types of information should be provided about…

Reviews the literature that focuses on common sources of bias related to the test-generation process, discusses implications of this literature for the business school faculty, and suggests future empirical studies in the areas that pertain to the resolution of these issues. (Author)