This handbook provides guidelines for enhancing the use of time in secondary and postsecondary vocational-technical classes. It is intended to guide teachers, administrators, supervisors, inservice coordinators, and teacher educators through conducting time-use analysis. It is part of BASICS, a package of integrated materials developed to assist…

This manual, prepared for the state of Washington, provides tools and strategies aimed at assisting building administrators in clinical approaches to teacher evaluation. The first section provides preliminary thoughts on the evaluation process and discusses the two major problems: acceptance and time. The second section discusses the sources and…

The major emphasis in the studies considered in this paper is on the role of the teacher as a professional with particular expertise and specific but limited responsibilities to students and parents, and with certain rights as the instructional leader and authority figure in the classroom. According to research studies, a comprehensive approach to…

The extent of variety in structure and format of teaching mathematics in fifth grade classrooms and its relation to student attention was studied. The data for this study consisted of observations made in eighteen math classes for a period of six to ten days with a mean of over eight days. Seatwork and recitation accounted for over 95 percent of…

Research is reviewed on high success (low error rate) during instructional tasks in relationship to learning outcomes; alternative interpretations of the relationship are considered; and alternative strategies for controlling success during remedial reading instructional tasks are discussed. A simple procedure is described for the analysis of…

To increase the academic achievement levels of its students, the District of Columbia Public Schools adopted a teacher training model known as Academic Learning Time. A description of the training of observers and teacher trainers is included. (Author/DF)

The cost effectiveness of four approaches to improving mathematics and reading performance of elementary school children is compared. Peer tutoring is found to be more cost-effective than computer-assisted instruction, and both are more cost-effective than reducing class size or increasing the length of the school day. (Author/JAZ)

This article discusses educational equity in terms of access to learning, to resources, and to school, especially among students who are tracked in low ability groups. Given this conception of knowledge equity, equity may only be realized through the actions of local district and school staff. (JL)

The literature on effective instruction for difficult-to-teach students is reviewed. Preinstructional variables include classroom management planning and planning for instructional tasks (student assessments, communication of learning goals, pacing decisions, and time allocations). Instructional delivery variables include engagement time, success…

Research on the peer relationship problems of learning disabled (LD) children is summarized, highlighting methodological shortcomings and drawing implications for social intervention. Noted are tendencies of LD children to be frequently off task, to have more negative interactions with teachers and peers, and to be conversationally less assertive.…

Describes a four-year Follow-Through Research Project that investigates the effects of a comprehensive staff development program, based on Madeline Hunter's Instructional Theory into Practice Model, designed to improve instruction on student engaged rates and achievement in reading and mathematics. (Author/HOD)

Describes the history, recommendations, and impact of "A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform," the report of the National Commission on Excellence in Education. Discusses broad recommendations regarding the curriculum; standards and expectations for students; time devoted to learning; the status of the teaching…

Observations of two preschool settings--one Black and one white--suggests that structures of time and space are implicit forms through which adult values are transmitted to children. White teachers structured an environment that maximized individual choice and action; Black teachers structured time and space to reinforce collectivism, authority,…

A study of undergraduate students investigated whether different rehearsal strategies are more effective in facilitating achievement, whether certain rehearsal strategies require learners to spend more time interacting with instructional content, and whether verbal or visual testing requires students to spend more time processing and responding to…

Variables which affect students' academic motivation, and thus, school learning, are discussed. Recent research has built on the model presented by Carroll in 1963. Research on the following concepts is reviewed: active learning time; academic motivation, significant others; sex of student; context of learning; and affective factors. (GDC)