This issue looks at competency-based vocational training, especially in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Sweden, as well as the definition of and difference between worker qualification and competence. The need for organizational and political changes in training and the issue of skills versus competence are examined. (JOW)

Professions take different approaches to competency-based continuing education: (1) pharmacy and nursing analyze competence in terms of roles and tasks (performance); (2) law analyzes professional knowledge, skills, and attitudes (attributes); and (3) medicine analyzes attributes in the context of performance of professional tasks, an integrated…

Class-produced newspapers are clear examples of product-driven learning, which requires a visible, though not always tangible, product; an audience other than the students themselves; whole-class involvement; and completion during normal school hours. Further examples are provided, including a first-grade circus, a fourth-grade rain forest tour,…

A needs assessment received 526 responses from 958 Iowa pharmacy-related businesses, and 183 businesses participated in a DACUM process to validate competencies for pharmacy technicians. Results were used to design a competency-based pharmacy technician curriculum. (SK)

Discusses Scottish secondary curriculum, focusing on the "Scottish Higher" college preparatory classes and Scottish Vocational Education Council (SCOTVEC) modules. The SCOTVEC modules lead to a vocationally oriented qualification called the National Certificate, rather than the academically oriented Highers credentials. Issues include…

Outcome-based education is rooted in earlier ideas, such as Tyler's objectives, Spady's outcomes, Glaser's criterion-referenced measurement, Bloom's mastery learning, 1970s accountability concerns, and the 1960s competency-based education movement. Minnesota's experience suggests various practical implementation challenges concerned with…

A study investigated the relationships among nine instruments designed to measure clinical knowledge and performance in a third-year surgery clerkship. Results suggest that various types of measures are necessary for broad evaluation of clinical performance. Instruments clustered into two groups: measures of medical knowledge and clinical…

Competence models have evolved into a link between organizational strategy and organizational and individual performance. Training professionals use them to synthesize individual capabilities and organizational core competencies. Educators and policymakers use them to link workplace requirements to educational programs and curricula. (SK)

Use of a competency-based framework for initial teacher training in Britain was studied in one institution. Students felt that both competency-based training and reflection on practice generated self-assessment and monitoring. However, time pressures in implementing competence frameworks sometimes limited opportunities for reflection. (SK)

Discusses the importance of teaching preventive medicine and presents a set of core competencies in preventive medicine for undergraduate medical education recommended by a 1997 task force of medical educators. Also reviews the Medical School Objectives Project, which describes in broad terms the knowledge, attitudes and skills students must…

Analyzes 86 articles in the first 7 volumes of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Vocational Education Research and organizes them in 3 categories: learning and teaching, policy context, and improving research. Concludes with implications for policy, practice, and future research. An appendix lists articles by topic. (Contains 106…

A student-centered and transformative perspective on learning acknowledges different forms of knowledge and methods of knowledge construction. It is incompatible with competency-based models such as the New Zealand Qualifications framework, which has a narrow utilitarian view, ignores connections between knowledge and power, and obscures…

The master of management program at Cornell University focused on competency-based development of skills for the hospitality industry through core courses, minicourses, skill benchmarking, and continuous improvement. Benefits include a shift in the teacher role to advocate/coach, increased information sharing, student satisfaction, and clear…

The conceptual bases of competency-based business education at a British university are experiential learning, metacognition, and management of negative affect. Results indicate that students are more skilled in academic and vocational areas, earn higher grades, and are successfully employed compared to those not in the competency-based program.…

A competency-based degree program in human resource management was co-generated by six groups of stakeholders who synthesized competency models using group decision support software. The program focuses on core human resource processes, general business management, strategic decision making and problem solving, change management, and personal…