The paper illustrates both theoretically and empirically that being married and having children have opposite effects on the wage rates of husbands and wives, and further that these diverging wage patterns are perpetuated over the length of the marriage. (Author)

The article reports on the first national survey of the number of days usually worked by wage and salary employees who typically work full time, that is, 35 hours or more a week. The five-day workweek still dominated with 82 percent of full-time employees in May, 1974. (Author/MW)

The recent decline in the labor force participation rates of older Americans is well known and well documented. Dramatic changes in male participation rates occurred between 1968 and 1986. Declines were substantial as early as age 55 and as late as age 70. The trends for older women were much less dramatic. In 1988, nearly half of employed men and…

Although nearly 14 million jobs have been added to the economy since 1979, there is strong evidence that job expansion has been purchased at the price of lower wages. A number of studies have confirmed this downside to job creation, the most prominent being a 1986 study by Bluestone and Harrison for the Joint Economic Committee. A recent study…

In September 1988, 13.1 million people in the United States wanted jobs, a jobless rate more than twice the official unemployment rate. The official rate does not count the people who have stopped looking for work because they believe that none is available. However, joblessness is only part of the problem. Also important is the phenomenon of the…

Ranking 49th in total employment growth between 1978 and 1986, Iowa actually lost 0.48% of its workforce each year. Income fell 2.2% annually between 1978-86 (10% per annum in the farm industry) and unemployment rates doubled since the mid-1970s. This 1988 study describes the school-to-work transition of a sample of high school graduates, class of…

This second annual report on employment equity in Canada in 1989 describes the representation of designated groups in the work force of employers covered by the Employment Equity Act and assesses the degree of change since last year's report. It is presented in both English and French. The following designated groups are examined: (1) women; (2)…

This is the first of three volumes which presents the Committee on Biomedical and Behavioral Research Personnel's examination of the educational process that leads to doctoral degrees in biomedical and behavioral science (and to postdoctoral study in some cases) and the role of the National Research Service Awards (NRSA) training programs in it.…

Volume Three of the Biomedical and Behavioral Research Scientists study contains five commissioned papers. The first paper, "Evaluating the National Research Service Award Program (NRSA): A Review and Recommendations for the Future," (Georgina M. Pion) reviews previous evaluation activities of the NRSA program and proposes an agenda describing the…

This summary of recruiting trends survey reviews the expectations of employers hiring new college graduates for the 1990-91 college labor market and is based on a national survey of 549 businesses, industries, service sector employers, government agencies, military services, and school districts. Survey questions focused on anticipated changes in…

The Employment Training Panel consists of seven representatives of business and labor who were appointed by the Governor of California and the state's legislature to administer funds transferred from the state unemployment insurance fund for job training. The panel is authorized to contract with employers and schools to conduct training that puts…

Statistics are presented on the current status of teacher supply and demand trends in Illinois. This report reviews and discusses the factors affecting teacher supply and demand, changes in student enrollment, teacher retirements, changes in state mandates, and opportunity for employment. An analysis of the data collected on teacher employment…

As part of a larger study of the efficacy of the local boards of trustees for California's community colleges, the chief executive officer (CEO) of each community college district was surveyed to determine what proportion of the more than 400 board members in the state were women, what the current or recent vocations of the board members were, and…

Although the need for psychological counseling for the unemployed has been recognized, the development of specific counseling strategies for this population has not been systematically addressed. The need for specific counseling intervention strategies for the recently and chronically unemployed was examined in a study of 25 recently unemployed…

The Targeted Jobs Tax Credit (TJTC), which was enacted in 1978, provided an incentive to employers to hire impoverished youth and other individuals from designated groups. In line with classical economic theory, advocates of TJTC anticipated that the legislation would boost total employment by reducing the cost of employing targeted workers. The…