Presents an in-depth portrait of the training, careers, and work of recent Ph.D. physical scientists. Concludes that use of specialized training varies widely with about half often using knowledge of their Ph.D. specialty area in their jobs. The use of specialized training does not, however, correlate with job satisfaction. In this and other…

Reviews vocational education and training provision in Ireland, including the impact of the European Social Fund. Describes the new Leaving Certificate Applied, which includes occupational preparation, vocational education, and general education. Discusses issues related to the certificate: partnership, fragmentation, inflexibility, and parity of…

Tired of contentious negotiations that hobble school systems with strikes and compromise pacts, school leaders are questioning the traditional adversarial approach to bargaining. As the experiences of Boston and Cincinnati show, principled or collaborative negotiation can turn adversaries into allies. A sidebar outlines joint training requirements…

A review of three recent publications leads to the conclusion that Britain should (1) adopt the German two-tier system of skilled workers and master workers, a status distinction that can be applied in blue- and white-collar occupations; and (2) train workers through apprenticeships. (SK)

Project Transition screens, trains, and places welfare recipients in fast food restaurant jobs. Training focuses on employee responsibility for managers' expectations and on behavior that will raise those expectations of new employees. (SK)

Introduces ways to prepare for careers in computers. Explores such on-the-job issues as processing data, computer storage and retrieval of information, word processing interactive teaching, control of industrial equipment, and computer graphics. Addresses the need for computer-related training and job prospects. (BHK)

The author describes recent restructuring of the employee education program at International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation. The need for restructuring is discussed and the concept of relating education to key jobs is introduced. The author presents IBM's model of employee education and discusses savings to the company. (CH)

Examines the effects of combined on-the-job and classroom training on the employability of Job Training Partnership Act terminees completing a two-year training activity in Missouri. Although combined program participants' employability was enhanced immediately after the program's termination, this advantage disappeared after one year. Benefits…

Community-based rehabilitation for disabled people has proved to have serious shortcomings, especially in terms of vocational training. The broader concept of community integration programs involves disabled people and local institutions in training and employment efforts to integrate the disabled into normal community life. (SK)

A dialogue is used to express the values and insights concerning employability. Some questions addressed include: What are employability skills? Why are they critical? How can they be taught? To whom should they be taught? (JOW)

Describes the historical development of production schools, which combine education with productive, income-generating work; their organization; educational principles (substitution, reduction, accentuation); and future prospects. (SK)

Refutes the idea that autonomy in work is necessary for efficient coordination or to enable the organization to develop a learning structure. Suggests that autonomy is an important element for internal incentive; if training is to become an incentive factor, autonomy is essential. (SK)

Case studies of the British Training Credits (TC) initiative show that the notion of a market for training driven by young people as customers is largely mythical, due to such factors as recession, importance of local networks in finding employment, and marginal involvement of small businesses. (SK)

Youth apprenticeship inherently involves a contextualized environment that fosters better learning. The new apprenticeship models combine academic with on-the-job vocational education. (SK)

Short-term longitudinal study assessed single and combined effects of two interventions designed to affect nursing assistants' (n=193) performance by increasing knowledge and motivation. Four sites included skills training only, job redesign only, both interventions, and control. Significant differences were found in knowledge in comparisons…