This study explored the relationships between enabling school structure (ESS), transformational leadership (TSL), organizational citizenship (OCB), and professional teacher behavior (PTB). Confirmatory factor analysis tested whether the theoretical dimensions of setting directions (SD), developing people (DP), redesigning the organization (RO),…

Teachers' goal orientations for teaching are one of the most important motivational beliefs affecting instructional processes. This study investigated the structural relationship between teachers' goal orientations for teaching and their attitudes towards their job through measures of self-efficacy and burnout. 495 teachers (working in primary,…

The aim of the study was describing the development and validation of students' perception on learning by questioning (LBQ) scale in physics. Research and Development (R & D) design was utilized in the research method. The number of senior high school students involved in the research were 224 students, composed of 95 boys (42.41%) and 129…

This study aims to develop a multidimensional 21st century skills scale for adolescent and early adulthood students in the 15-25 age group. The research was conducted with 660 high school, associate degree and undergraduate students. From the item pool created during the first stage of the study, 146 items were selected in line with expert…

The first years of teaching are challenging. Knowledge of the kind of support new teachers require is essential. Existing typologies date back from the 1980s and the early 2000s. The aim of this article is twofold: 1) to validate a typology of novice teachers' support needs using confirmatory factor analysis and 2) to compare these needs in…

Positive psychology, which has emerged as a major force since the turn of the 21st century, focuses on the constructive effects of positive emotions (Fredrickson, 2001; Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2014). The purpose of this study was to establish a measure of positive psychology in language learning. To this aim, the researchers developed a…

Bilingualism is a multi-faceted experience and bilinguals differ in how they use their languages in daily life. Therefore, assessments of bilingualism that consider the role of (social) context are needed when describing bilinguals. In this study, we evaluated how (reliably) the Language and Social Background Questionnaire (LSBQ; Anderson et al.…

Executive functions (EF) are an important predictor of later adaptive development. A number of environmental influences, such as parenting, have been suggested as important promoters of EF development. However, behavioural genetic research has demonstrated that many environmental influences could be affected by genetic influences. Therefore, it is…

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised (AGQ-R) in a sample of Singapore secondary students (N = 1,171). Confirmatory factor analyses provided support for the AGQ-R in measuring the four achievements goals delineated in the 2 × 2 framework. Measurement invariance across ethnic groups was…

This study (a) presented a structural model for examining how parents' perceptions of their children's competence, exercise benefits, exercise barriers and neighbourhood safety influenced parental support and their children's physical activity (PA) and (b) examined the mediating effect of parental support on children's PA. Parents of 478 children…

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale of teacher beliefs related to mathematics, namely, beliefs about the nature of mathematics, mathematics teaching, and assessment in mathematics learning. A scale development study was used to achieve it. The draft scale consisted of 54 items in which 16 items related to beliefs about…

While the common suggestion in leader-member exchange (LMX) research is that there is a strong relationship between LMX and performance, a closer look at these studies reveal that the performance measures in the majority of studies are primarily subjective in nature such as performance reviews. Relatively few studies examine the LMX-objective…

This study explored two under-researched areas on students' attitudes towards science, that is, the structural models representing these attitudes and the role played by school bands in moderating the gender differences in such attitudes. The participants were 360 ninth graders in Hong Kong from 3 school bands. The structural equation modelling…

Introduction: Previous research has identified Internet anxiety and Internet identification as two important factors that predict usage and experience on the Internet. However, little is known about the relationship between them. This research aimed to untangle the relationship between Internet anxiety and Internet identification, and to…

In this study, we investigated which componential skills can be distinguished in the second language (L2) development of 140 bilingual children with specific language impairment in the Netherlands, aged 6-11 years, divided into 3 age groups. L2 development was assessed by means of spoken language tasks representing different language skills…